Menene Canjin Motar Motar Mota?

Mai canzawar mota mai canzawa

An tsara mai haɓaka cikin tsarin shaye-shaye don rage fitar da abubuwa masu cutarwa cikin iska. Tare da iskar gas mai shayarwa juya su cikin kayan haɗari. Ana amfani da mai kara kuzari akan injin mai da na dizal. Hanyoyi uku masu saurin canzawa. An yi amfani dashi a cikin injunan mai. Yana aiki akan abun haɗin cakuda na stoichiometric, wanda ke tabbatar da ƙone mai gaba ɗaya. Tsarin mai canzawa mai sau uku ya hada da toshe tallafi, rufi da kuma gidaje. Zuciyar mai canzawa itace katangar talla, wacce take matsayin tushe ga masu kara kuzari. An yi jigilar jigilar kayan aikin yumburai na musamman. A tsarinta, toshewar talla yana ƙunshe da saitin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan yana ƙaruwa da ma'amala da iskar gas.

Abubuwan haɗin catalytic

Ana amfani da abubuwa masu ƙera ga saman ƙwayoyin zumar. Wani siraran siriri wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa uku: platinum, palladium da rhodium. Masu haɓaka suna haɓaka haɓakar sinadarai a cikin tsaka tsaki. Platinum da palladium sune abubuwan haɓaka hadawar abu. Suna inganta hadawan abubuwa na hydrocarbons marasa wuta zuwa tururin ruwa, daga carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide zuwa carbon dioxide. Rhodium shine mai rage haɓaka. Wannan yana rage nitrogen oxides zuwa cutarwa nitrogen. Ta wannan hanyar, masanan uku sun rage gurɓatattun abubuwa uku a cikin iska. Ginin tallafi yana cikin akwati na ƙarfe. Yawancin lokaci akwai takaddama na rufi tsakanin su. A cikin yanayin tsaka tsaki, an saka firikwensin oxygen. Abun da ake buƙata don farawa mai sauyawa shine an sami zafin jiki na 300 ° C. Matsayin keɓaɓɓen yanayin zafin jiki shine 400 zuwa 800 ° C.

Inda za a girka mai canzawar mota

A wannan zafin jiki, har zuwa 90% na abubuwa masu cutarwa ana riƙe su. Yanayin zafin sama sama da 800 ° C yana haifar da ɓarkewar ƙarfan ƙarfe da toshewar tofofin zuma. Galibi ana shigar da mai musanya ta hanyar kai tsaye a bayan yawan shaye-shaye ko a gaban maƙalar. Shigar da na'urar sauyawa a karon farko zai bata damar zafinta da sauri. Amma to, na'urar tana fuskantar manyan lodi. A halin da ake ciki na gaba, ana buƙatar ƙarin matakan don mai samarwa ya iya zafi da sauri, wanda ke ƙara yawan zafin jiki na iskar gas. Daidaita lokacin ƙwanƙwasawa a cikin ragowar raguwa; ƙara saurin rago; bawul lokacin daidaitawa; yawan allurar man fetur a kowane zagaye; samar da iska ga tsarin shaye shaye.

Abin da ke samar da odar dizal

Ana amfani da hanya uku mai canzawa mai amfani don inganta ƙwarewa. Ya kasu kashi biyu: mai musayar farko. Wanne ke bayan bayan yawan shaye shaye. Babban maɓallin sauyawa, wanda ke ƙarƙashin ƙasan abin hawa. Mai samar da injin dizal yana tabbatar da hada abubuwa masu dauke da iskar gas da iskar shaka. Wanne ke cikin wadatattun abubuwa a cikin iska mai ƙarancin injin diesel. Lokacin wucewa ta hanyar canjin mai canzawa, abubuwa masu cutarwa carbon monoxide da hydrocarbons suna yin amfani da abubuwa masu illa na carbon dioxide da tururin ruwa. Bugu da kari, mai hada kayan ya kusan kawar da warin da yake shayewar dizal.

Mai canza Catalytic

Haɗin oxygen a cikin mai kara kuzari kuma yana haifar da samfuran da ba'a so. Don haka, sulfur dioxide yana oxidized zuwa sulfur trioxide. Wannan ya biyo bayan samuwar sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid gas yana haɗuwa da kwayoyin ruwa. Abin da ke haifar da samuwar m barbashi - sulfates. Suna tarawa a cikin mai canzawa kuma suna rage tasirin sa. Don cire sulfates daga mai canzawa, tsarin sarrafa injin yana fara aiwatar da desulfurization. A cikin abin da mai kara kuzari yana mai zafi zuwa yanayin zafi sama da 650 ° C kuma ana wanke shi da wadataccen iskar gas. Babu iska, har sai cikakkiyar rashinsa. Ba a amfani da injin dizal don rage fitar da iskar nitrogen oxide a cikin shaye-shaye. Wannan aikin a cikin injin dizal ana yin shi ta hanyar tsarin. Sake sake zagayowar iskar gas ko ƙarin ci-gaba mai zaɓin tsarin musanyawa.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene ka'idar bayan aikin mai canza iskar gas? Halin sinadarai yana faruwa a cikin mai kara kuzari dangane da yawan zafin jiki da tuntuɓar oxides na nitrogen tare da karafa masu daraja. A sakamakon haka, abubuwa masu cutarwa suna neutralized.

Menene mai canza iskar gas? Wannan ƙaramin akwati ne wanda ke zaune kusa da ma'aunin sharar injuna. A cikin wannan flask ɗin akwai abin da ke cike da sel ɗin saƙar zuma da aka lulluɓe da ƙarfe masu daraja.

Me ake amfani da catalytic Converter? Wannan sinadari na tsarin shaye-shaye yana kawar da abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin iskar iskar gas ta hanyar mai da su zuwa marasa lahani.

Ina ma'anar catalytic yake? Tunda dole ne a dauki nauyin sinadaran a cikin mai kara kuzari dangane da yanayin zafi mai zafi, iskar gas ba dole ba ne ya yi sanyi, saboda haka mai kara kuzari yana kusa da tsarin shayewar injin konewa na ciki kamar yadda zai yiwu.