Menene Hatchback

Menene Kama?

Hatchback mota ce mai gangarewa ta baya (kumburi). Za a iya zama tare da kofofin 3 ko 5. A mafi yawan lokuta, hatchbacks kanana ne zuwa matsakaita masu girma dabam, kuma ƙanƙantarsu yana sa su dace da muhallin birane da ɗan gajeren nesa. Wannan bai dace sosai ba lokacin da kuke buƙatar ɗaukar kaya mai yawa, bi da bi, a kan tafiya da tafiye-tafiye masu tsayi.

Sau da yawa ana kuskuren Hatchbacks don ƙananan motoci idan aka kwatanta da na yau da kullum, yayin da babban bambanci tsakanin sedan da hatchback shine "hatchback" ko liftgate. Abin da ya sa ake kiranta da kofa shi ne, daga nan za ka iya shiga motar, ba kamar wani sedan da aka raba akwati da fasinjoji ba.

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An bayyana sedan azaman mota mai layuka 2 na kujeru, kamar. gaba da baya tare da bangarori uku, daya na injin din, na biyu na fasinjoji kuma na uku na ajiyar kaya da sauran abubuwa. Duk ginshiƙan uku a cikin motar suna rufe ciki ne kawai.

A gefe guda, hatchback an tsara shi da farko tare da sassaucin wurin zama dangane da sararin ajiya. Ba lallai ne ya zama ƙasa da sedan ba kuma yana iya ɗaukar fasinjoji 5, amma kuma yana iya samun zaɓi don ƙara sararin ajiya ta hanyar sadaukar da wurin zama. Kyakkyawan misali na wannan shine Volvo V70, wanda a zahiri hatchback ne, amma fiye da sedan kamar VW vento. Ana kiran hatchback ɗin ba saboda ƙaramin girman sa ba, amma saboda ƙofar baya.

Tarihin halittar jiki

A yau, hatchbacks sun shahara saboda yanayin wasan su, kyakkyawan yanayin iska, ƙananan girman da haɓaka. Irin wannan jiki ya bayyana a cikin 40s mai nisa na karni na karshe.

Wakilan farko na hatchbacks sun kasance samfurori na kamfanin Faransa Citroen. Bayan ɗan lokaci, masana'anta Kaiser Motors (mai kera motoci na Amurka wanda ya wanzu daga 1945 zuwa 1953) yayi tunanin gabatar da wannan nau'in jiki. Wannan kamfani ya fito da nau'ikan hatchback guda biyu: Frazer Vagabond da Kaiser Traveler.

Hatchbacks ya sami karbuwa a tsakanin masu motoci na Turai godiya ga Renault 16. Amma a Japan, irin wannan jikin ya riga ya buƙaci. A cikin yankin Tarayyar Soviet, an kuma haɓaka hatchbacks waɗanda ke samun farin jini.

Bambanci tsakanin sedan da hatchback

Hatchbacks suna da ƙofar rufin rana (ƙofar 5th) a baya, yayin da masu motsa jiki ba suyi ba.
Sedans suna da ƙayyadaddun ɗakunan 3 - don injin, fasinjoji da kaya, yayin da hatchbacks ke da ikon ninka kujerun don ƙara kayan kayan.
babu wani sauran tabbataccen bambanci tsakanin su. Kawai don haka ku sani, duk abin da zai iya ɗaukar mutane sama da 5 ana kiransa galibi. Wasu maƙalai ko SUVs ma suna da fiye da kujeru 5. Kuma waɗancan motocin waɗanda suka fi tsayi kuma suna da sararin ajiya da yawa tare da ƙofar ƙyanƙyashe ƙofar baya, amma waɗannan ba ƙyanƙyashe ba ne, amma masu ɗoki.

Idan da akwai ƙarin motocin "birni" da ke tuƙi a cikin birane maimakon SUVs, motoci da manyan SUVs, yawancin direbobi za su sami kwanciyar hankali. Idan ƙananan motoci masu rauni ba su ƙare a layin hagu na babbar hanya ba, amma kuma a kan tituna na biyu, tuki daga kan hanya ba zai zama waƙa ba, amma damuwa na iya raguwa. Waɗannan su ne, ba shakka, utopian da ra'ayoyin da ba daidai ba, amma a - nau'in al'amuran mota don wurin tuki. Kuma idan akwai mutane biyu da ke tuƙi a cikin iyali, yana da kyau a sami mota ɗaya wacce ta dace da zagayawa cikin birni, ɗayan kuma don tafiye-tafiye da balaguro. Lokacin da yara ko abubuwan sha'awa suka tsoma baki tare da asusun, daidaiton yana ƙara rikitarwa.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfani na jiki

Hatchbacks ana buƙata tsakanin masoya ƙanana, amma ɗaki da manyan motocin birni. Saboda iyawarsa, irin wannan mota yana da kyau ga mai motar iyali.

Sauran fa'idodin hatchbacks sun haɗa da:

• Maneuverability mai kyau saboda ingantacciyar yanayin iska da ƙananan girma (gajarta ta baya);
• Godiya ga babban taga na baya, an ba da bayyani mai kyau;
• Idan aka kwatanta da sedan, ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi;
• Godiya ga babban tailgate, abubuwa sun fi sauƙi don ɗauka fiye da a cikin sedan.

Amma tare da versatility, hatchback yana da wadannan rashin amfani:

• Saboda karuwar sararin samaniya a cikin ɗakin, ya fi muni don dumi mota a cikin hunturu, kuma a lokacin rani dole ne ku kunna kwandishan dan kadan don tabbatar da microclimate a cikin ɗakin;
• Idan an canja kaya mai wari ko abubuwan da ke ruguzawa a cikin akwati, to saboda rashin rarrabuwar kawuna, hakan yana sa tafiyar ta ragu sosai, musamman ga fasinjojin da ke jere a baya;
• Gangar da ke cikin hatchback, lokacin da fasinja na fasinja ya cika cikakke, kusan iri ɗaya ne a cikin ƙara kamar a cikin sedan (dan kadan saboda shiryayye wanda za'a iya cirewa);
• A wasu samfuran, gangar jikin yana ƙaruwa saboda sarari don fasinjojin layin baya. Saboda haka, sau da yawa akwai nau'o'in da fasinjoji masu ƙananan girma zasu iya zama a baya.

Hoto: yadda motar hatchback tayi kama

Don haka, babban bambanci tsakanin hatchback da sedan shine kasancewar ƙofar baya mai cikakken aiki, gajeriyar jujjuyawar baya, kamar keken tasha, da ƙananan girma. Hoton yana nuna yadda hatchback, wagon tasha, liftback, sedan da sauran nau'ikan jiki yayi kama.

Bidiyo: Hatchbacks mafi sauri a duniya

Anan ga ɗan gajeren bidiyo game da mafi sauri hatchbacks da aka gina akan tushen tushe:

Mafi sauri hatchbacks a duniya

Iconic hatchback model

Tabbas, ba shi yiwuwa a ƙirƙiri cikakken jerin mafi kyawun hatchbacks, saboda kowane direba yana da abubuwan da yake so da buƙatun mota. Amma a cikin dukan tarihin halittar motoci, mafi wurin hutawa (a cikin wannan harka, mun dogara da shahararsa na wadannan model da halaye) ƙyanƙyashe ne:

1. Kiya Ceed. Motar C na Koriya ta Arewa. Jerin zaɓuɓɓukan da aka bayar da matakan datsa yana samuwa ga mai siye.
2. Renault Sandero. Motar birni mafi kyau amma kyakkyawa kuma ƙarami daga mai kera motoci na Faransa. Yana tafiyar da rashin ingancin hanyoyi da kyau.
3. Ford Focus. Yana da kyakkyawar haɗuwa da farashi da kayan aikin da aka bayar. Samfurin yana da ingantaccen ingancin gini - yana jure wa munanan hanyoyi, injin yana da ƙarfi.
4. Peugeot 308. Mai salo na kyan gani na birni. Sabbin ƙarni na samfurin ba wai kawai sun sami kayan aiki masu ci gaba ba, amma kuma sun sami zane mai ban sha'awa na wasanni.
5. Volkswagen Golf. Ba shi yiwuwa ba a ambaci nimble da abin dogara iyali hatchback daga Jamus automaker, shahararsa a kowane lokaci.
6. Kia Rio. Wani wakilin masana'antar mota na Koriya, wanda ya shahara a Turai da ƙasashen CIS. A peculiarity na latest ƙarni shi ne cewa mota kama wani karamin crossover.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene bambanci tsakanin sedan da hatchback? Sedan yana da siffar jiki mai girma uku (hoho, rufin da gangar jikin ana haskakawa a gani). Hatchback yana da jiki mai juzu'i biyu (rufin yana shiga cikin akwati lafiyayye, kamar keken tashar).

Menene kamannin motar hatchback? A gaba, hatchback yayi kama da sedan (wani ɓangaren injin da aka bayyana a fili), kuma an haɗa cikin ciki tare da akwati (akwai bangare tsakanin su - sau da yawa a cikin nau'i na shiryayye).

Menene mafi kyawun hatchback ko keken tasha? Idan kuna buƙatar motar fasinja mafi fa'ida, to motar tashar ta fi kyau, kuma idan kuna buƙatar mota tare da ƙarfin tashar wagon, to hatchback shine zaɓi mafi kyau.

Menene liftback a cikin mota? A waje, irin wannan motar tana kama da sedan tare da rufin da ke haɗuwa a cikin akwati a hankali. Tashin baya yana da tsarin jiki mai juzu'i uku, sashin kaya kawai yayi daidai da na hatchback.