Menene stowaway - me yasa kuke buƙatar keken hawa don mota

Saitin kowane motar zamani ya haɗa da abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya zuwa cikin aiki lokacin da yanayin ke buƙatar matakan gaggawa daga direba. Don haka, a cikin akwatin motar dole ne a sami kebul mai jan hankali (game da yadda aka zaɓi zaɓinsa a nan) da saitin kayan aiki (abin da ya kamata a hada da shi an bayyana shi a ciki raba bita).

Wani muhimmin abu wanda zai iya taimakawa cikin gaggawa shine taya mai taya. Tare da taimakon ta, direban zai kauce wa ƙarin ɓarnatarwa kan fitowar motar tare da taimakon babbar motar ɗaukar kaya ta musamman.

La'akari da yadda keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafa ta bambanta da sitowa, da kuma yadda ake amfani da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafa a yanayin wasu nau'in motoci.

Menene stowaway?

Ofar daidai dabaran keɓaɓɓe ne, kawai a cikin wannan yanayin masana'antar ta kula da ajiyar sarari a cikin akwatin motar. Wheelaramar ƙafa ce da aka yi da ƙarfe. An zaɓi girmanta gwargwadon tsarin ƙulli da diamita na ƙafafun da aka yi amfani da su.

Wasu lokuta ana amfani da kayan aiki marasa nauyi a cikin keken hawa, amma a waje yana kama da nau'in diski mai cikakken girma wanda aka ɗora akan axle. Amma mafi sau da yawa fiye da ba, wannan diski yana da siriri, wanda ke adana sarari a cikin akwati lokacin da ba a amfani da dabaran.

Me yasa ake buƙata?

Babu gogaggen direba da ke tunani game da buƙatar keken hawa. Ba shi da daɗi idan an huda tayar, kuma ci gaba da motsi ba zai yiwu ba saboda gaskiyar cewa babu wani abin da za a maye gurbin dabaran da ya lalace da shi. Wasu masu ababen hawa suna adana kayan gyara na musamman a cikin akwatin kayan aiki idan suka sami matsala (wanda ake kira laces don tayoyi). Amma wannan kayan aikin koyaushe bazai iya adanawa ba.

Misali, tare da taimakon kawai huda ake cirewa, amma yanke ko nakasa diski a kan hanya ba za a iya gyara ta kowace hanya ba. Saboda wannan dalili, kayan aikin gaggawa dole ne su haɗa da taya. Canza dabaran ba zai dauki lokaci mai yawa ba, tabbas, idan motar tana sanye da jack.

A yayin lalacewa, dabaran yana canzawa zuwa sitowa, wanda zai ba ku damar zuwa sabis na taya mafi kusa. A wasu yanayi, taya na iya lalacewa gaba daya (mai motar bai lura da lalacewar ba, kuma ya tuki wani tazara, saboda hakan ne kawai diskin ke yanke robar), kuma taya da aka riga aka tanada zata ba ka damar isa shagon cikin sauki.

Asalin tarihi

Lokacin da motocin farko suka bayyana, buƙata ta tashi don irin wannan nau'ikan kamar tayar taya. Af, wannan ra'ayin ya kuma shahara a wasan motsa jiki, lokacin da mai keke ya yi gasa tare da tayoyi biyu a shirye.

Dalilin da yasa masu kera motoci suka sanya kayan su da keken taya saboda rashin kyawun hanyoyi. Mafi yawanci, ana jigilar safarar mutane ta hanyar datti ko kan hanya. Sau da yawa, irin wannan suturar na iya ƙunsar abubuwa masu kaifi iri-iri, misali, ƙusa ko ƙirar ƙarfe.

Kamfanin Ba'amurke Thomas B. Jeffrey ya kasance farkon sahun gaba wajen amfani da hannayen jari a motoci. Duk da cewa ya kai shekaru goma sha huɗu kawai (1902-16), motoci daban-daban, kuma musamman samfurin Rambler, sun shahara sosai.

Aikin waɗancan motocin ya sami sauƙin ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa ana iya maye gurbin ƙafafun ƙafa a cikin mintina kaɗan. Aikin ya kasance mai sauƙi wanda har mai farawa zai iya ɗaukar aikin. Idan mai mota ya san yadda ake gyaran tayoyi, zai iya yin hakan a cikin yanayi mai annashuwa, maimakon zama a gefe.

Sauran kamfanonin kera motoci suma sun dauki wannan ra'ayin. A saboda wannan dalili, mota mai ɗayan, kuma a wasu lokuta ma biyu, keɓaɓɓun ƙafafun sun kasance gama gari. Da farko, an gyara keken da ke gefen gefen injin ɗin.

Bayan haka, don samun sauƙin isa ga sashin injin, da kuma saboda dalilai na ƙaruwa a sararin samaniya, wannan ɓangaren ya yi ƙaura zuwa ɓangaren jikin daga ɓangaren gangar jikin. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ba shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da keɓaɓɓun ƙafafu a Amurka, yayin da ƙasar ta fuskanci ƙarancin roba.

Bambanci daga taya na al'ada

A yau, kowace mota ko babbar mota tana sanye da taku ɗaya ko sama da haka idan akwai matsala. Kayan zai iya haɗa da daidaitaccen girman ƙafafu (musamman mahimmanci ga manyan motoci, saboda huɗa ko fashewa yakan faru ne yayin jigilar kayayyaki) ko analog, amma yana da ƙarami a faɗi.

Keɓaɓɓen keken hawa da sitoway suna da madaidaitan faifai na wata mota. Bambanci tsakanin su biyun shine:

1. Matsakaicin dabaran yana da nauyi daidai da sauran ƙafafun da aka sanya a kan motar. Jirgin zai zama da sauki. Wasu mashina da gangan ba sa ɗaukar tirela a kan hanya don adana ɗan man fetur - babu wanda yake buƙatar ƙarin kilogiram 20-30 a kan hanya.
2. Baya ga nauyi, tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna da ƙananan girma idan aka kwatanta da misali analog.
3. Daidaitaccen dabaran da taya ana yin su ne da ingantattun kayan aiki, saboda haka farashin analog din mirgina yayi kasa sosai.
4. Ana amfani da tashar jirgin ne kawai a cikin al'amuran gaggawa, kuma zaka iya hawa kan tsayayyar dabaran na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, yayin amfani da taya mai sauƙin nauyi, dole ne direba ya sarrafa saurin hawan abin hawa.
5.  An saka taya mai sauƙi mai sauƙi tare da roba mai ƙarancin inganci idan aka kwatanta da dabaran gargajiya.

Yadda za a zabi sitoway

Kafin siyan wannan samfurin, yakamata kayi la'akari da suban dabaru masu yawa:

1. Yawancin lokaci ana yin sitoway ne don takamaiman ƙirar mota;
2. Tunda za a yi amfani da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙarancin kawai azaman gaggawa, da farko, ya kamata mutum ya biya ba ingancin samfurin ba, amma girmansa. Idan mai mota yana shirin siyan gyare-gyare wanda zai daɗe yana da amfani, zai fi kyau a tsaya akan ƙafafun yau da kullun.
3. Idan an sanya bakuna marasa daidaituwa a kan motar, alal misali, don tayoyi marasa ƙarfi, to radius ɗin mirgina na iya bambanta da abin da ba ya wuce inci ɗaya ba. Misali, idan aka sanya diski na R14 akan akussa, to zaka iya sayan keken hawa tare da radius na inci 15 ko 13.
4. A kan kuɗin roba - ya fi kyau a sayi kowane yanayi fiye da bazara / hunturu. In ba haka ba, zai zama ƙarin ɓarnar. Tabbas, takunkumin da ke cikin irin wannan taya zai bambanta da abin da yake a ƙafafun ƙafafun, don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da sitoway a cikin tazara kaɗan kuma bisa ƙa'idodin aminci.
5. Toari da ragowar tayoyin da aka rage, direba dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa fanɗon da ya dace koyaushe yana cikin motar. Tunda faɗin roba a cikin wannan samfurin ya kusan kusan rabin mizanin, dabaran yana buƙatar haɓaka da ƙarfi. Ainihin, matsin taya zai kasance a yanayi huɗu.

A ina za a sanya dabaran keken?

An sanya tashar a cikin wani kayan da aka tsara musamman don wannan a cikin motar mota ko ƙarƙashin ƙasan. Ya dogara da ƙirar abin hawa da kanta. A wasu lokuta, ana ajiye tayar motar a tsaye a bayan motar. Wannan ya shafi wasu nau'ikan motocin bas da motocin hawa.

Idan motar tana da alkuki na musamman don keken hawa, yana da amfani don amfani da wannan zaɓin. A wannan yanayin, dabaran ba zai lalace ba idan ana jigilar abubuwa masu kaifi a cikin akwati. Banda ban sha'awa shine motocin da ke da HBO (ana tattauna tsarin dalla-dalla a ciki wani dariтko). Mafi yawancin lokuta, tafkin gas yana cikin hanyar kwamfutar hannu kuma an girka shi a wurin keken hawa.

A cikin waɗannan injunan, yana da amfani don amfani da sitoway. Wannan sinadarin zai dauki karancin gangar jikinsa sama da cikakken analog.

Shawarwari don amfani da sitwaway

Ga wasu nasihu daga masana:

1. Tsarin diamita da ƙyallen maƙalar dole ne ya dace da saitin ƙafafun da ake amfani da su wajen jigila;
2. Idan zai yiwu a zaɓi roba mafi inganci, ya fi kyau a tsaya a kan wannan zaɓin, tunda samfuri mai arha yana da ƙaramar rayuwar aiki;
3. An yi amfani da ƙuntatawa a kan diski na kowane ƙafafun gyaran, wanda dole ne direban ya bi;
4. Idan na'urar tana sanye take da saitin titanium mai kauri ko fayafai iri ɗaya, ana amfani da ƙusoshin da suka fi tsayi don amintar da su. Don tashoshin jirgin ruwa, ya kamata ku sayi ƙusoshin ƙafafun ƙafa, ku ajiye su kusa da ƙafafun gyaran kanta, don kar ku ɓace;
5. Ya kamata lokaci-lokaci bincika ko matsawar taya daidai ne, musamman tare da farkon lokacin sanyi.
6. Daidai, yana da kyau a sayi samfurin da aka tsara don takamaiman abin hawa.

Zan iya amfani da keken dina na dindindin?

Wannan tambayar ana tambayar waɗanda suka fara haɗuwa da batun stowaway. A kan wannan ƙimar, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun taya suna da ra'ayi ɗaya: ba za a iya amfani da taya mai sauƙi mara nauyi azaman cikakken ƙafa ba.

Abubuwan da aka kera na ɗan lokaci shine mafi ƙarancin ƙirar taya, kazalika da faifan da kansa. A kan irin wannan motar, zaka iya tuƙi kawai don tazara kaɗan, kuma kuma tare da iyakar gudu. Lokacin shigar da kaya, tuki yana daɗa lalacewa.

Dock ko motar motsa jiki: wanda ya fi kyau, fa'ida da rashin kyau

Kafin sauya sheka daga ƙafafun keɓaɓɓun keɓaɓɓu zuwa ƙafafun gyaran wuta mara nauyi, ya cancanci a auna fa'idodi da cutarwa na wannan analog ɗin. Anan ga wasu muhawara game da amfani da sitowa:

• Abu na farko da masu ababen hawa waɗanda ke da kayan aiki na gas suka mai da hankali shi ne ƙaramin girman motar gyara. Ya fi ƙarancin sitiyarin ƙuntatacce Mai motar zai iya amfani da sararin samaniyar don adana wasu abubuwan da ba safai yake amfani da su ba.
• An ba shi izinin amfani da bambancin tare da ɗan karkacewa daga madaidaitan radius.
• Wasu hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki sun ninka sau biyu fiye da na yau da kullun.
• Don ƙera irin waɗannan abubuwan gyaran, ana amfani da kayan ƙarancin inganci, kazalika da ƙirar mafi sauƙi. Wannan yana rinjayar farashin samfurin.
• Jirgin ya fi sauƙi kuma ya fi sauƙi don gyara.
• Designirƙirar zane mai sauƙi ya sauƙaƙa don hawa ƙafafun gyare-gyare a kan axle.

Duk da fa'idodin da aka ambata a baya, manyan hanyoyin suna da kyawawan fa'idodi:

1. Matakan aminci yayin tuƙi a kan irin wannan ƙarancin ya ragu. Wannan saboda fadin roba. Taya mai siriri ba ta iya samar da ƙwanƙwasa mai dacewa tare da farfajiyar hanya, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa motar ta rasa wasu ikon sarrafawa. A yayin dakatarwar gaggawa, nisan birki yana ƙaruwa sosai. A cikin yanayin ruwa, akwai haɗarin ruwa (yadda za'a magance wannan tasirin a ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada, karanta nanсь).
2. Idan motar ta hau kan tashar jirgin akan wata mummunar hanya, samfurin na iya karyewa ko lalacewa saboda ƙananan kayan aiki.
3. Wheelafafun gyaran yana da ƙaramin albarkatu saboda gaskiyar cewa roba a kanta mara kyau ne, don haka yana saurin fita da sauri.
4. Lokacin tuki a kan keken gyara, banbanci da sauran abubuwa na dakatarwa da watsawa suna fuskantar ƙarin lodi, wanda ka iya sa su fasa yayin tafiya mai nisa.
5. Yawancin motoci na zamani suna sanye da tsarin sarrafa kwanciyar hankali na lantarki kamar ESP ko ABS. Idan ba'a kashe su ba, suna iya samun matsala saboda banbancin jujjuyawar taya a kan akushin ɗaya. Dalili kuwa shine lantarki zai fassara bambancin juyawa kamar zamewa, don haka zai toshe ɗayansu. Idan ba zai yiwu a kashe na'urar ba, gogaggen masu motoci suna ba da shawarar tuki cikin sauri kuma ba tare da kaifin juyawar sitiyarin ba.
6. A tashar jirgin ruwan, zaka iya rufe tazarar tazara ne kawai - 'yan dubun kilomita ne kawai. Ba za ku iya ci gaba da doguwar tafiya a kai ba. Wannan zai shafi sauran mahimman hanyoyin akan mashin din.
7. A halin da ake ciki na wasu motoci, ba a ba da shawarar a sanya sitowa a maimakon keken da ya gaza ba. Misali, wannan ya shafi samfuran tuƙin gaban-ƙafa. Idan ƙafafun gaban ya huhu, da farko kuna buƙatar jan sama da ƙwanƙwasa baya kuma saka ƙafafun gaggawa a can. An shigar da lalatattun matakan maimakon wanda ya gaza. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa wannan zai ɗauki ƙarin lokaci, saboda rashin daidaiton tsarin ƙafafun ƙafafun tuki (wasu masu ababen hawa suna amfani da tayoyi daban-daban a ƙasan gaba da na baya), motar zata rage sarrafawa.

Yawancin masu motoci sun yi imanin cewa babbar fa'ida ta daidaitacciyar ƙafa a kan sitoway ita ce, ana iya amfani da shi azaman madadin iri ɗaya da wanda ya karye. A gaskiya, ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba.

Don cikakken maye gurbin, dabaran dole ne yayi daidai da wanda ya lalace. A wannan halin, direban motar zai nemi yatsu. Gaskiyar ita ce don cikakken amfani da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafafun, kuna buƙatar sayan saitin roba don dukkan ƙafafun 5 don ƙafafun ya yi daidai bayan sauyawa.

Koyaya, bai kamata ku sayi tayoyin kwatance ba, saboda dole ne ku ɗauki ƙafafu biyu don kowane gefen motar. Hakanan ya shafi lokacin sanyi / bazara. Sai kawai idan duk waɗannan sharuɗɗan sun cika, za a iya amfani da tayar motar a matsayin cikakkiyar taya.

Fasali na iko da motsi a kan motar gaggawa

Ba tare da la'akari da ko ana amfani da sitoway na asali ko makamancin gaggawa ba, shigar da wannan abun zai shafi tasirin abin hawa nan da nan. A saboda wannan dalili, ba a ba da shawarar wannan zaɓin ga ƙwararrun masu motoci ba.

Mun riga munyi magana game da rashin dacewar motar gyaran. Ga yadda direba yakamata ya tuƙa abin hawa idan akwai abin ɗorawa akan sa:

1. Ya kamata a kara nisan cikin rafin. Dalilin haka shi ne karin nisan tsayawa idan an taka birki sosai.
2. A saman hanyoyin da ba su da ƙarfi, ya kamata a rage saurin zuwa mafi ƙaranci, tun da kunkuntar taya tuni tana da ƙaramin facin lamba, wanda ke raguwa da bayyanar danshi, dusar ƙanƙara ko yashi.
3. Lokacin yin kwano, ya kamata kuma a rage saurin a gaba, kuma yakamata a juya sitiyari kamar yadda ya kamata. Idan ƙafafun gyaran yana kan madogara mai mahimmanci, za'a sami ƙasan ruwa ko gantali cikin sauri (menene wannan, karanta a ciki wani bita). Dangane da motar baya-baya, motar za ta sha wahala daga mai wuce gona da iri.
4. Kowane dabaran gyara yana nuna iyakar iyakar iyakar abin da zaka iya tukawa. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine matakin 60-80 kilomita / h, amma don kare lafiya, bai kamata ku hanzarta fiye da 50 km / h ba.
5. An haramta yin kaifin motsi a kan mota tare da sitowa.
6. Bayan shigar da dabaran a kan axle, matsa lamba a ciki ya kamata a sake dubawa, koda kuwa an yi wannan aikin kwanan nan.
7. Yawanci, ana iya amfani da matakalar tsawon kilomita dubu biyu. Saboda wannan, don kada a kashe kuɗi akan sabon ƙafafun gyaran, yana da kyau a rage tazara a kan irin wannan abun.
8. Lokaci daya a tashar zaka iya wuce kilomita fiye da dari, idan babu marmarin gyara motar daga baya.

Yadda ake sanya sitoway akan mota ya danganta da nau'in tuƙin

Rulea'idar babban yatsan hannu don amfani da ƙafafun gyare-gyare ba shine hawa shi akan akushin motar ba. Wannan ƙa'idar ita ce mafi sauki da za a bi idan motar ta kasance gaban-dabaran tuki. Idan motar motsa jiki ta kasa, ya kamata a madadin yin amfani da na baya, kuma a maimakon haka sanya sitoway. Kodayake a kan hanya kuna iya ganin yanayi daban-daban (malalacin mota yana girke ƙafafun gyaran mota akan motar gaba-gaba a gaba) - bai kamata ku yi watsi da wannan ƙa'idar ba, tunda dole ne motar ta kiyaye iko.

Game da motoci masu keken baya, yakamata ku sadaukar da aiki don ni'imar riƙe ƙwanƙolin ƙafafun tuki, sa'annan ku girke ƙafafun gyara akan gaba. In ba haka ba, irin waɗannan motocin suna iya yin yawo kusa da lanƙwasa. Hakanan, rashin daidaituwa tsakanin bambanci a cikin saurin juyawa na ƙafafun tuki zai shafi mummunan bambanci (ƙari, zaku iya karanta game da yadda wannan aikin yake a nan).

Shin zai yiwu a hau keken hawa?

An riga an san sashin fasaha na wannan tambayar, kuma amsar ta a'a ce, ba za ku iya amfani da sitowa ba a ci gaba. Ana bayar da wannan amsar ta dokokin ƙa'idodin abin hawa. Dokokin zirga-zirga sun hana aikin ababen hawa masu girman girma daban-daban da tsarin taku ɗaya akan bakin layi ɗaya. Babu keɓaɓɓu ga wannan tambayar.

Iyakar abin da zai taimaka wa direba kauce wa tarar tuki a kan tashar jirgi ɗaya banda. Don maimaita wannan dokar, lokacin da mota ta lalace, dole ne direba ya ɗauki matakan gyara matsalar. In ba haka ba, an shigar da keken gyara, an kunna gungun gaggawa, kuma ana aika jigilar zuwa sabis na taya mafi kusa.

A wannan yanayin, dole ne ku bi zuwa gefen dama na dama. Idan kana buƙatar yin jujjuya waƙar, to ana ba da izinin sake ginawa gaba zuwa layin hagu kafin keta alamar. Idan akai la'akari da wannan gefen batun, daidaitaccen dabaran yana da cikakkiyar fa'ida (idan tsarin takaddar yayi kama da dabaran da aka maye gurbinsa).

Muna ba ku damar kallon ɗan gajeren bidiyo kan yadda mota da ke da sitoway a gefen baya zai yi aiki:

Yadda za a hau tashar jirgin ruwa a cikin hunturu? Fasali na tuki tare da taya mai bazara

Yadda ake ƙunshe da kyau

Ba a buƙatar hanya ta musamman don adana dokatka. Hakanan ya shafi daidaitaccen dabarar kayan gyara. Abin da kawai za a yi la'akari da shi shine matsa lamba na taya. Tun da yake a mafi yawan lokuta yana da ninki biyu na bakin ciki a matsayin daidaitaccen motar motar, matsa lamba a cikinsa ya kamata ya zama mafi girma (kimanin yanayi hudu).

Ana ajiye wata dabarar sirara mai bakin ciki a cikin dakin taya, kuma ta hanyar adana sarari, alal misali, ana iya sanya wasu kayan aiki a wannan bangare na motar. Idan akwai silinda HBO a cikin sashin taya, irin wannan dabaran ba zai ɗauki sarari da yawa a cikin akwati na motar ba. A wasu samfuran mota, har ma ana iya shigar da ita a tsaye.

Bidiyo akan batun

Ga ɗan gajeren bidiyo game da nadawa doka:

Warehouse stock (dokatka)

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Me dokatka ke nufi? Wannan karamar dabara ce da ta yi daidai da diamita na ƙafafun da aka sanya a kan motar. Ana kuma kiranta motar gaggawa. Ba za a iya amfani da shi dindindin ba.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin madaidaicin madaidaicin hanya da dabaran gyara? Da farko, nisa na diski. Dokatka ya kusan sau biyu. Ana sanya nau'in roba iri ɗaya akansa. Yana iya motsawa kawai a wani takamaiman gudun (har zuwa 80 km / h).

Menene wurin ajiyewa? Motar gaggawa tana ba ku damar zuwa sabis ɗin taya da kansa a yayin da aka huda ɗaya daga cikin ƙafafun. Ana nuna saurin jigilar da aka yarda akan tashar jirgin ruwa.