Menene diode?

Diode abu ne na lantarki mai tasha biyu, yana takura magudanar ruwa halin yanzu a daya hanya kuma yana ba shi damar gudana cikin yardar kaina a cikin kishiyar shugabanci. Yana da amfani da yawa a cikin da'irori na lantarki kuma ana iya amfani dashi don gina masu gyara, inverters, da janareta.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu dauki kallo menene diode kuma ta yaya yake aiki. Za mu kuma duba wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su a cikin da'irori na lantarki. Don haka bari mu fara!

Ta yaya diode ke aiki?

Diode na'urar lantarki ce Yana da damar halin yanzu dole ne ya gudana ta hanya ɗaya. Yawancin lokaci ana samun su a cikin hanyoyin lantarki. Suna aiki ne a kan nau'in semiconductor wanda aka yi su, wanda zai iya zama nau'in N-type ko P-type. Idan diode din N-type ne, zai wuce current ne kawai idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki daidai da kiban diode, yayin da nau'in nau'in P-diode zai wuce current idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki a sabanin kibiyarsa.

Kayan semiconductor yana ba da damar halin yanzu don gudana, ƙirƙiraryankin ragewa', wannan shi ne yankin da electrons aka haramta. Bayan an yi amfani da wutar lantarki, yankin ragewa ya kai duka ƙarshen diode kuma yana ba da damar halin yanzu ya gudana ta cikinsa. Ana kiran wannan tsari "son zuciya gaba".

Idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki conversely semiconductor abu, baya son zuciya. Wannan zai sa yankin raguwa ya tsalla daga ƙarshen ƙarshen tashar kuma ya dakatar da gudana daga gudana. Domin idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta hanya daya da kibiya a kan na'ura mai nau'in P-type, semiconductor na nau'in P zai kasance kamar nau'in N-nau'i ne saboda zai ba da damar electrons su matsa zuwa wani gefen kibiyansa.

Diode kwarara na yanzu

Menene diodes ake amfani dasu?

Ana amfani da diodes tuba kai tsaye zuwa alternating current, yayin da yake toshe juyar da cajin wutar lantarki. Hakanan ana iya samun wannan babban abin a cikin dimmers, injinan lantarki, da na'urorin hasken rana.

Ana amfani da diodes a cikin kwamfutoci don tsaro abubuwan lantarki na kwamfuta daga lalacewa saboda hauhawar wutar lantarki. Suna rage ko toshe ƙarfin lantarki fiye da abin da injin ke buƙata. Haka kuma yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki da kwamfuta ke amfani da shi, da adana wutar lantarki da kuma rage zafin da ake samu a cikin na’urar. Ana amfani da diodes a cikin manyan na'urori masu ƙarfi kamar tanda, injin wanki, injin microwave da injin wanki. Ana amfani da su a cikin waɗannan na'urori don kariya daga lalacewa saboda hauhawar wutar lantarki da gazawar wutar ta haifar.

Aikace-aikacen diodes

• gyara
• Kamar mai canzawa
• Madogarar Ware Wuta
• Kamar yadda tunani irin ƙarfin lantarki
• Mai haɗawa da mitar
• Juya kariya ta yanzu
• Juya polarity kariya
• Kariyar karuwa
• AM envelope detector ko demodulator (diode detector)
• Kamar tushen haske
• A cikin tabbataccen yanayin firikwensin zafin jiki
• A cikin kewayen firikwensin haske
• Baturin hasken rana ko baturi na hotovoltaic
• Kamar mai tsinke
• Kamar mai riƙewa

Tarihin diode

Kalmar "diode" ta fito daga Греческий kalmar "diodous" ko "diodos". Manufar diode shine don ba da damar wutar lantarki ta gudana ta hanya ɗaya kawai. Diode kuma ana iya kiransa bawul ɗin lantarki.

An samu Henry Joseph Round ta hanyar gwaje-gwajensa da wutar lantarki a shekarar 1884. An gudanar da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ne ta hanyar amfani da bututun gilashi, wanda a cikinsa akwai na'urori na ƙarfe a ƙarshen biyu. Cathode yana da farantin karfe tare da caji mai kyau kuma anode yana da faranti tare da caji mara kyau. Lokacin da halin yanzu ya wuce ta cikin bututu, zai haskaka, yana nuna cewa makamashi yana gudana ta cikin kewaye.

Wanda ya ƙirƙira diode

Kodayake John A. Fleming ne ya kirkiro diode na farko a cikin 1906, amma an lasafta shi ga William Henry Price da Arthur Schuster don ƙirƙirar na'urar a cikin 1907.

William Henry Preece da Arthur Schuster

Nau'in diode

• Ƙaramin sigina diode
• Babban diode sigina
• Stabilitron
• Diode mai haske (LED)
• DC Diodes
• Schottky diode
• Shockley Diode
• Mataki na dawo da diodes
• rami diode
• Varactor diode
• diode laser
• Diode mai jujjuyawa
• Diodes na zinari
• Super barrier diodes
• Peltier diode
• crystal diode
• Avalanche Diode
• Mai Gyaran Silicon Sarrafa
• Vacuum diodes
• PIN diode
• wurin tuntuɓar juna
• Gunn diode

Ƙaramin sigina diode

Ƙaramin siginar diode shine na'urar semiconductor mai saurin sauyawa da ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Yana ba da babban kariya daga lalacewa saboda fitarwar lantarki.

Babban diode sigina

Babban diode sigina nau'in diode ne wanda ke watsa sigina a matakin ƙarfin ƙarfi fiye da ƙaramin sigina. Ana amfani da babban diode sigina yawanci don juyar da AC zuwa DC. Babban diode sigina zai watsa siginar ba tare da asarar wuta ba kuma yana da arha fiye da capacitor na lantarki.

Ana yawan amfani da capacitor mai haɗawa tare da babban sigina diode. Amfani da wannan na'urar yana rinjayar lokacin amsawar da'irar. The decoupling capacitor yana taimakawa iyakance jujjuyawar wutar lantarki da ke haifar da canje-canjen impedance.

Stabilitron

Zener diode wani nau'i ne na musamman wanda zai gudanar da wutar lantarki kawai a yankin kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin raguwar wutar lantarki kai tsaye. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan ɗaya tasha na zener diode ya sami kuzari, yana ba da damar halin yanzu don matsawa daga ɗayan tashar zuwa tashar mai kuzari. Yana da mahimmanci cewa an yi amfani da wannan na'urar yadda ya kamata kuma tana ƙasa, in ba haka ba yana iya lalata da'ira na dindindin. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da wannan na'urar a waje, saboda ba za ta gaza ba idan an sanya shi cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano.

Lokacin da aka yi amfani da isasshen halin yanzu zuwa zener diode, ana ƙirƙiri raguwar ƙarfin lantarki. Idan wannan wutan lantarki ya kai ko ya zarce ƙarfin rushewar na'ura, to yana ba da damar wutar lantarki ta gudana daga tasha ɗaya.

Diode mai haske (LED)

Diode mai haske (LED) an yi shi da wani abu mai kama da wuta wanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da isasshiyar wutar lantarki ta wuce ta cikinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman kaddarorin LEDs shine cewa suna canza makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin gani da kyau sosai. Hakanan ana amfani da LEDs azaman fitilun nuni don nuna makasudi akan na'urorin lantarki kamar kwamfutoci, agogo, rediyo, talabijin, da sauransu.

LED shine babban misali na haɓaka fasahar microchip kuma ya ba da damar manyan canje-canje a fagen haske. Ledodi na amfani da akalla biyu semiconductor layers don samar da haske, daya pn junction don samar da dillalai (electrons da ramuka), wanda daga baya a aika zuwa ga wani gefe na wani "barrier" Layer wanda ya kama ramuka a gefe daya da electrons a daya. . Ƙarfin masu ɗaukar hoto yana sake haɗuwa a cikin "resonance" da aka sani da electroluminescence.

Ana ɗaukar LED a matsayin ingantaccen nau'in haske saboda yana fitar da ɗan zafi tare da haskensa. Yana da tsawon rai fiye da fitilun wuta, waɗanda za su iya daɗe har sau 60, suna da mafi girman fitowar haske kuma suna fitar da ƙarancin hayaki mai guba fiye da fitilun fitilu na gargajiya.

Babban fa'idar LEDs shine gaskiyar cewa suna buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfi don aiki, ya danganta da nau'in LED. Yanzu yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da LEDs tare da samar da wutar lantarki daga hasken rana zuwa batura har ma da alternating current (AC).

Akwai nau'ikan ledojin daban-daban kuma sun zo da launuka iri-iri da suka haɗa da ja, orange, rawaya, kore, shuɗi, fari, da ƙari. A yau, LEDs suna samuwa tare da haske mai haske na 10 zuwa 100 lumens per watt (lm/W), wanda kusan iri ɗaya ne da tushen hasken al'ada.

DC Diodes

Diode na yau da kullun, ko CCD, nau'in diode ne mai sarrafa wutar lantarki don samar da wutar lantarki. Babban aikin CCD shine rage hasarar wutar lantarki da inganta ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar rage saurin sa lokacin da kaya ya canza. Hakanan ana iya amfani da CCD don daidaita matakan shigarwar DC da sarrafa matakan DC akan hanyoyin fitarwa.

Schottky diode

Hakanan ana kiran diodes na Schottky diodes masu ɗaukar zafi.

Dokta Walter Schottky ne ya kirkiro na'urar Schottky a shekara ta 1926. Ƙirƙirar Schottky diode ya ba mu damar amfani da LEDs (diodes masu fitar da haske) a matsayin amintattun sigina.

Diode yana da tasiri mai fa'ida sosai idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin da'irori masu yawa. Schottky diode ya ƙunshi galibin abubuwa guda uku; P, N da karfe-semiconductor junction. Zane na wannan na'urar shine irin wannan canji mai kaifi a cikin ingantaccen semiconductor. Wannan yana bawa masu ɗaukar kaya damar canzawa daga semiconductor zuwa ƙarfe. Hakan yana taimakawa wajen rage wutar lantarki ta gaba, wanda hakan ke rage hasarar wutar lantarki da kuma kara saurin sauyawa na na'urorin da ke amfani da Schottky diodes da wani babban gefe.

Shockley Diode

Shockley diode na'urar semiconductor ce tare da tsarin asymmetric na lantarki. Diode zai gudanar da halin yanzu a hanya ɗaya kuma da ƙasa da haka idan an juya polarity. Idan ana kiyaye wutar lantarki ta waje a kan Shockley diode, to sannu a hankali za ta yi gaba-gaba yayin da wutar lantarkin da ake amfani da shi ke ƙaruwa, har zuwa wani wuri da ake kira "cut-off volt" wanda babu abin da aka yarda da shi yayin da duk electrons ke haɗuwa da ramukan. . Bayan ƙarancin wutar lantarki mai yankewa akan sifa mai hoto na halayen ƙarfin lantarki na yanzu, akwai yanki na juriya mara kyau. Shockley zai yi aiki azaman amplifier tare da ƙimar juriya mara kyau a cikin wannan kewayon.

Ana iya mafi kyawun fahimtar aikin Shockley ta hanyar rarraba shi zuwa sassa uku da aka sani da yankuna, na yanzu a cikin juzu'i daga ƙasa zuwa sama shine 0, 1 da 2 bi da bi.

A cikin yanki na 1, lokacin da aka yi amfani da ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki don son rai na gaba, electrons suna yaduwa a cikin nau'in semiconductor na nau'in p-type, inda aka kafa "yankin ragewa" saboda maye gurbin mafi yawan dillalai. Yankin raguwa shine yankin da ake cire masu ɗaukar kaya lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki. Yankin raguwa a kusa da mahadar pn yana hana halin yanzu gudana ta gaban na'urar unidirectional.

Lokacin da electrons suka shiga cikin n-gefen daga nau'in p-type, ana samun "yankin ragewa" a cikin sauyawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama har sai an toshe hanyar da ke yanzu. Ramukan da ke motsawa daga sama zuwa ƙasa suna sake haɗuwa tare da electrons masu motsi daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Wato, tsakanin yankunan raguwa na band conduction da valence band, wani "recombination zone" ya bayyana, wanda ya hana ci gaba da gudana daga cikin manyan diode ta hanyar Shockley diode.

A halin yanzu ana sarrafa magudanar ruwa ta hanyar jigilar kaya guda ɗaya, wanda shine mai ɗaukar tsiraru, watau electrons a cikin wannan yanayin don nau'in semiconductor na nau'in n da ramuka don kayan nau'in p. Don haka za mu iya cewa a nan mafi yawan dillalai (ramuka da electrons) ne ke sarrafa magudanar ruwa, kuma magudanar wutar lantarkin ba ta dogara da wutar lantarkin da aka yi amfani da ita ba matukar akwai isassun masu dakon kaya masu kyauta da za su iya gudanarwa.

A cikin yanki na 2, electrons da ke fitowa daga yankin raguwa suna sake haɗuwa tare da ramuka a gefe guda kuma suna ƙirƙirar sabbin masu ɗaukar nauyi (electrons a cikin nau'in p-type don nau'in semiconductor na nau'in n). Lokacin da waɗannan ramukan suka shiga yankin raguwa, suna kammala hanyar da ake bi ta hanyar Shockley diode.

A cikin yanki na 3, lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki na waje don nuna son kai, yankin cajin sarari ko yanki mai lalacewa yana bayyana a cikin mahaɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi duka masu ɗaukar nauyi da marasa rinjaye. An rabu nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i na electron saboda aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki a cikin su, wanda ya haifar da motsi ta hanyar Shockley. Wannan yana haifar da ɗan ƙaramin adadin yanzu yana gudana ta cikin Shockley diode.

Mataki na dawo da diodes

Mataki na dawo da diode (SRD) na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce za ta iya samar da tsayayyen yanayin tafiyarwa ba tare da wani sharadi ba tsakanin anode da cathode. Canje-canje daga yanayin kashewa zuwa na kunnawa na iya haifar da bugun bugun wuta mara kyau. Lokacin da aka kunna, SRD yana nuna kamar cikakkiyar diode. Lokacin da aka kashe, SRD galibi baya aiki tare da wasu ɗigogi na yanzu, amma gabaɗaya bai isa ya haifar da babbar asarar wuta ba a yawancin aikace-aikace.

Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna matakan dawo da motsin motsi don nau'ikan SRS guda biyu. Babban lanƙwasa yana nuna nau'in farfadowa da sauri, wanda ke fitar da haske mai yawa lokacin shiga cikin yanayin kashewa. Sabanin haka, ƙananan lanƙwasa yana nuna diode mai saurin dawo da sauri wanda aka inganta don aiki mai girma da kuma nuna kawai ganuwa mai ganuwa yayin canjin-da-kashe.

Don kunna SRD, ƙarfin lantarki na anode dole ne ya wuce ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin injin (VT). SRD zai kashe lokacin da yuwuwar anode ya yi ƙasa da ko daidai da yuwuwar cathode.

rami diode

Diode rami wani nau'i ne na injiniyan ƙididdiga wanda ke ɗaukar guda biyu na semiconductor kuma ya haɗa yanki ɗaya tare da ɗayan yana fuskantar waje. Ramin diode na musamman ne a cikin cewa electrons suna gudana ta cikin semiconductor maimakon kewaye da shi. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan dalilan da suka sa wannan nau'in fasaha ya zama na musamman, domin babu wani nau'i na jigilar lantarki har zuwa wannan lokaci da ya iya yin irin wannan aikin. Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa diodes na rami ya shahara sosai shi ne cewa suna ɗaukar sarari kaɗan fiye da sauran nau'o'in injiniyan ƙididdiga kuma ana iya amfani da su a yawancin aikace-aikace a wurare da yawa.

Varactor diode

Varactor diode semiconductor ne da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin madaidaicin ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki. Diode na varactor yana da haɗin haɗin gwiwa guda biyu, ɗaya a gefen anode na mahadar PN kuma ɗayan a gefen cathode na mahadar PN. Lokacin da kake amfani da wutar lantarki ga na'ura, yana ba da damar filin lantarki ya samar da shi wanda zai canza nisa na raguwa. Wannan zai canza yadda ya dace da capacitance.

diode laser

Laser diode shine semiconductor wanda ke fitar da haske mai daidaituwa, wanda kuma ake kira hasken laser. Diode na Laser yana fitar da fitilun haske masu kama da juna tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance. Wannan ya bambanta da sauran hanyoyin hasken wuta, kamar LEDs na al'ada, waɗanda hasken da ke fitowa ya bambanta sosai.

Ana amfani da diodes na Laser don ajiya na gani, firintocin laser, na'urar daukar hotan takardu da kuma sadarwar fiber optic.

Diode mai jujjuyawa

Diode na ɗan gajeren lokaci (TVS) diode diode ne wanda aka ƙera don kariya daga hawan wutar lantarki da sauran nau'ikan masu wucewa. Hakanan yana da ikon raba wutar lantarki da na yanzu don hana babban ƙarfin lantarki shiga cikin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. Diode na TVS ba zai gudana ba yayin aiki na yau da kullun, amma zai gudana ne kawai a lokacin wucin gadi. A lokacin wucewar wutar lantarki, diode TVS na iya aiki tare da duka sauri dv/dt spikes da manyan kololuwar dv/dt. Yawanci ana samun na'urar a cikin da'irorin shigar da na'urorin microprocessor, inda take sarrafa sigina mai saurin canzawa.

Diodes na zinari

Ana iya samun diodes na zinariya a cikin capacitors, masu gyara, da sauran na'urori. An fi amfani da waɗannan diodes a cikin masana'antar lantarki saboda ba sa buƙatar wutar lantarki mai yawa don gudanar da wutar lantarki. Diodes doped tare da zinariya za a iya yi daga p-type ko n-type semiconductor kayan. Diode mai zinari yana gudanar da wutar lantarki da kyau a yanayin zafi, musamman a cikin diodes masu nau'in n.

Zinariya ba kyakkyawan abu bane don doping semiconductor saboda atom ɗin zinare sun yi girma da yawa don dacewa cikin sauƙi cikin lu'ulu'u na semiconductor. Wannan yana nufin cewa yawanci zinari ba ya yaɗuwa sosai cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa. Hanya daya da za a kara girman atom din zinare ta yadda za su iya yaduwa ita ce kara azurfa ko indium. Hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don dope semiconductor tare da zinariya ita ce amfani da sodium borohydride, wanda ke taimakawa wajen haifar da gwal na zinariya da azurfa a cikin semiconductor crystal.

Ana amfani da diodes ɗin da aka yi da zinari a cikin aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki mai girma. Waɗannan diodes suna taimakawa rage ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu ta hanyar dawo da kuzari daga baya EMF na juriyar ciki na diode. Ana amfani da diode-doped na zinari a cikin injina kamar cibiyoyin sadarwa na resistor, lasers, da diodes na rami.

Super barrier diodes

Super barrier diodes wani nau'in diode ne wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen ƙarfin lantarki. Waɗannan diodes suna da ƙananan ƙarfin wuta na gaba a babban mitar.

Super barrier diodes nau'in diode ne mai yawan gaske saboda suna iya aiki akan nau'ikan mitoci da ƙarfin lantarki. Ana amfani da su galibi a cikin da'irori masu sauya wutar lantarki don tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki, masu gyarawa, injin inverter da kayan wuta.

Superbarrier diode galibi ya ƙunshi silicon dioxide tare da ƙara jan ƙarfe. Superbarrier diode yana da zaɓuɓɓukan ƙira da yawa, gami da planar germanium superbarrier diode, junction superbarrier diode, da keɓance superbarrier diode.

Peltier diode

Peltier diode shine semiconductor. Ana iya amfani da shi don samar da wutar lantarki don mayar da martani ga makamashin zafi. Wannan na'urar har yanzu sabuwa ce kuma har yanzu ba a fahimce ta ba, amma da alama tana da amfani wajen canza zafi zuwa wutar lantarki. Ana iya amfani da wannan don dumama ruwa ko ma a cikin motoci. Wannan zai ba da damar yin amfani da zafin da injin konewa na ciki ke haifarwa, wanda yawanci yakan lalata makamashi. Hakanan zai ba da damar injin ya yi aiki yadda ya kamata, saboda ba zai buƙaci samar da wuta mai yawa ba (ta haka amfani da ƙarancin man fetur), amma maimakon haka Peltier diode zai canza zafin datti zuwa wuta.

crystal diode

Ana amfani da diodes kristal don kunkuntar band tace, oscillators ko amplifiers sarrafa wutar lantarki. Ana ɗaukar diode crystal a matsayin aikace-aikacen musamman na tasirin piezoelectric. Wannan tsari yana taimakawa samar da wutar lantarki da sigina na yanzu ta amfani da abubuwan da suka dace. Crystal diodes kuma ana haɗa su tare da wasu da'irori waɗanda ke ba da haɓakawa ko wasu ayyuka na musamman.

Avalanche Diode

Avalanche diode wani semiconductor ne wanda ke haifar da avalanche daga electron guda ɗaya daga rukunin gudanarwa zuwa bandungiyar valence. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai gyarawa a cikin da'irar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na DC, azaman mai gano hasken infrared, kuma azaman na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto don hasken ultraviolet. Tasirin dusar ƙanƙara yana ƙara ɗigon wutar lantarki na gaba a kan diode ta yadda za a iya sanya shi ya fi ƙanƙanta da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

Mai Gyaran Silicon Sarrafa

Mai gyara Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) thyristor ne mai tsayi uku. An ƙera shi don yin aiki kamar mai sauyawa a cikin tanda na microwave don sarrafa iko. Ana iya kunna shi ta halin yanzu ko ƙarfin lantarki, ko duka biyun, ya danganta da saitin fitarwa na ƙofar. Lokacin da gate fil ba shi da kyau, yana ba da damar halin yanzu don gudana ta cikin SCR, kuma idan yana da kyau, yana toshe halin yanzu daga gudana ta cikin SCR. Wurin fitin ɗin ƙofar yana ƙayyade ko wucewa na yanzu ko kuma an toshe shi lokacin da yake wurin.

Vacuum diodes

Vacuum diodes wani nau'in diode ne, amma ba kamar sauran nau'ikan ba, ana amfani da su a cikin bututu don daidaita halin yanzu. Vacuum diodes suna ba da damar halin yanzu don gudana a matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki, amma kuma suna da grid mai sarrafawa wanda ke canza wutar lantarki. Dangane da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin grid mai sarrafawa, injin diode ko dai yana ba da izini ko dakatar da halin yanzu. Ana amfani da injin diodes azaman amplifiers da oscillators a cikin masu karɓar rediyo da masu watsawa. Suna kuma aiki azaman masu gyara waɗanda ke juyar da AC zuwa DC don amfani da na'urorin lantarki.

PIN diode

PIN diodes nau'i ne na pn junction diode. Gabaɗaya, PINs semiconductor ne wanda ke nuna ƙarancin juriya lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki akansa. Wannan ƙananan juriya zai ƙaru yayin da ƙarfin lantarki da ake amfani da shi yana ƙaruwa. Lambobin PIN suna da ƙarfin wutan kofa kafin su zama masu gudanarwa. Don haka, idan ba a yi amfani da wutar lantarki mara kyau ba, diode ba zai wuce halin yanzu ba har sai ya kai wannan darajar. Adadin wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta cikin ƙarfe zai dogara ne akan yuwuwar bambanci ko ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin tashoshi biyu, kuma ba za a sami ɗigogi daga wannan tasha zuwa wancan ba.

Point Contact Diode

A point diode na'urar hanya ɗaya ce mai iya haɓaka siginar RF. Point-Contact kuma ana kiransa transistor mara junction. Ya ƙunshi wayoyi biyu da ke haɗe zuwa wani abu na semiconductor. Lokacin da waɗannan wayoyi suka taɓa, an ƙirƙiri “pinch point” inda electrons za su iya hayewa. Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in diode musamman tare da rediyon AM da wasu na'urori don ba su damar gano siginar RF.

Gunn diode

Gunn diode diode diode ne wanda ya ƙunshi haɗin pn guda biyu masu adawa da juna tare da tsayin shingen asymmetric. Wannan yana haifar da tsananin danne kwararar electrons a gaba, yayin da na yanzu ke gudana ta hanyar baya.

Ana amfani da waɗannan na'urori akai-akai azaman janareta na microwave. J. B. Gann da A. S. Newell ne suka ƙirƙira su a shekara ta 1959 a ofishin gidan waya na Royal da ke Burtaniya, inda sunan ya fito: "Gann" taƙaita sunayensu ne, da "diode" saboda suna aiki akan na'urorin gas (Newell a baya yayi aiki. a Edison Institute of Communications). Bell Laboratories, inda ya yi aiki a kan na'urorin semiconductor).

Babban aikace-aikacen farko na Gunn diodes shine ƙarni na farko na kayan aikin rediyo na UHF na Burtaniya, waɗanda aka fara amfani da su a kusan 1965. Rediyon AM na soja kuma sun yi amfani da diodes na Gunn sosai.

Halayen gunn diode shine cewa na yanzu shine kawai 10-20% na diode silicon na al'ada. Bugu da ƙari, raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin diode yana kusan sau 25 ƙasa da diode na al'ada, yawanci 0 mV a dakin da zafin jiki na XNUMX.

Koyarwar Bidiyo

Menene diode - Koyarwar Lantarki Ga Masu farawa

ƙarshe

Muna fatan kun koyi menene diode. Idan kuna sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da yadda wannan kayan aikin ban mamaki ke aiki, duba labaran mu akan shafin diodes. Muna da imanin cewa za ku yi amfani da duk abin da kuka koya a wannan lokacin kuma.