Menene ma'anar motar, ma'anarsa
Abubuwa
Babban aikin na baya bumper shi ne don kare na'urar gani a lokacin karo da kuma rage farashin gyare-gyare na gaba, ɗaukar mafi yawan tasiri kuma, idan ya yiwu, hana rauni ga direba da fasinjoji.
Motoci na zamani a cikin manyan gudu suna buƙatar kasancewar na'urorin kariya na musamman akan motar. Tufafin da ke jikin motar wani sinadari ne na tsari, babban aikinsa shi ne inganta lafiyar fasinjoji tare da rage haɗarin lalacewar motar idan ta yi karo da wani cikas. Ƙarfafawa, wanda yake a gaban motar, ana kiransa gaba, yana kammala kallon motar kuma yana kan baya - baya.
Menene bumper kuma me yasa ake kiran shi haka
Sunan ya fito ne daga kalmar Turanci, ma'ana bugawa, karo, yana ba da cikakkiyar ma'anar manufa da aikace-aikacen wannan bangare. Ƙarƙashin motar, idan ka duba a ƙarƙashin zanen fenti da kayan ado daban-daban, katako ne mai tsayi da aka yi da kayan haɗin gwiwa.
Damage
A cikin karo tare da cikas ko wata mota, katako yana ɗaukar babban bugu kuma yana yin laushi, yana lalata kuzarin motsa jiki wanda ke faruwa a lokacin haɗuwa.
An shigar da katako masu kariya akan na'urorin Packard a matsayin ƙarin zaɓi a cikin shekaru ashirin na ƙarni na ƙarshe. Siriyal na farko shine tsarin ƙarfe na U-dimbin yawa kuma an sanya shi a cikin 1930 akan Motar Ford Model ta hanyar Henry Ford da kansa, wanda ya kirkiro daular shahararriyar mota.
Babban manufar
Babban katafaren mota na zamani shine kariyar jikin motar fasinja idan an sami ƙananan karo akan titi da cikas a wajen titin.
A cikin masana'antar kera motoci na zamani, na'urar kariya, ban da babban manufarta, tana warware wasu ayyuka masu alaƙa:
- Ƙirƙirar hoto mai jituwa na waje na motar zamani, kiyaye tsarin ƙirar jiki guda ɗaya.
- Ingantattun kaddarorin aerodynamic tare da lankwasa gefuna masu ɓarna.
Ana shigar da na'urorin yin kiliya akan igiyoyin kariya - na'urorin motsa jiki waɗanda ke taimaka wa direba ya guje wa karo lokacin ajiye motar. Mota na zamani ba kariyar jiki ce kawai daga lalacewar haske ba, har ma da panel ɗin da ke ɗauke da abubuwan faɗakarwar haske.
Juyin Halitta na "kariyar katako"
A cikin tarihinsa na kusan karni na kusan karni, tsarin kariya ya canza sau ɗaruruwan, ya rasa wasu zaɓuɓɓuka kuma yana samun sababbi.
Ƙarfe bakin ƙwanƙwasa tare da ɓangarorin bazara da lintels a hankali sun maye gurbin ƙaƙƙarfan katakon ƙarfe na simintin gyare-gyare waɗanda za su iya jure murkushe rauni, nauyin motar motar ya ƙaru. Babban mahimmanci a cikin irin waɗannan kayayyaki ba a kan kaddarorin bazara ba ne, amma a kan ɗaukar makamashi ta hanyar murƙushe ƙarfe.
A tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata, abubuwa masu kariya sun sami zagaye da ke shiga bangon motar, da kuma rigar da ke kare jiki daga datti. Wasu samfura, kamar 1942 Lincoln Continental, an sanye su da abin rufe fuska.
A hankali, masu maimaita alamun jagora sun yi ƙaura zuwa ƙirar katako mai kariya, kuma fitulun hazo sun bayyana a cikin ƙirar Amurka.
Me ake yi da bumper na zamani?
Ci gaban ci gaban masana'antar kera motoci da ci gaban kimiyya ya haifar da rikicewar siffar "bim mai kariya" da kuma amfani da kayan haɗin gwiwa a matsayin tushensa. A cikin duniyar zamani, ana amfani da kayan aiki masu zuwa don yin shinge ga mota:
- carbon filastik;
- zaren gilashi;
- ƙarfe;
- polypropylene ko polyurethane.
Ƙarfin zamani a kan mota ba kawai wani ɓangare na aiki ba ne, amma har ma kayan ado wanda ya dace da bukatun ƙirar mota. Duba ta cikin hotunan Intanet na masu tayar da mota, zaku iya zaɓar mafi kyawun zaɓi don motar ku. Daban-daban launuka - samfurin za a iya fentin a cikin launi na jiki, da bambanci ko an rufe shi da chrome.
Ayyukan ayyuka na gaba
Ƙarfin da aka ɗora a gaba a kan mota shine kariyar manyan raka'a a cikin hatsarin hanya, yana rage haɗarin rauni ga direba da fasinjoji, da kuma kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don ba da motar mota ta musamman. Tsawon tsayi, ƙananan iyaka da kaddarorin fasaha na na'urar kariya ana tsara su ta ƙa'idodi na musamman.
Masu kera abubuwan hawa na zamani suna ba da zaɓuɓɓukan bumpers da yawa don shigarwa akan ƙirar mota ɗaya, yana ba mai siye zaɓi dangane da abubuwan da ake so don samar da mota tare da ƙarin ayyuka. Duk zaɓuɓɓukan samfuri ɗaya suna da kujeru iri ɗaya. Kuna iya siyan bumper na nau'in da ake so ba kawai lokacin ɗaukar mota ba, amma har ma a cikin kantin kayan mota na yau da kullun.
Motar katanga
Mota na zamani ya ƙunshi sassa daban-daban kuma yana da ramuka don shigarwa:
- masu lalata;
- gyare-gyare;
- gratings;
- fitilu hazo;
- gilashin kariya masu wanki;
- parktronic.
Wasu motocin suna da masana'anta da katakon tsaro tare da jakunkunan iska na masu tafiya a ƙasa don rage rauni a wani hatsarin hanya. Na'urorin da aka saka a kan motoci na masoya masu ban sha'awa suna sa motar ta zama mai salo da salo.
Lokacin haɓaka ƙirar kariyar, ana ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kaddarorin aerodynamic na mota, wurin bumper yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan waɗannan sigogi. Wani samfurin da aka tsara daidai yana rarraba wutar lantarki mai zuwa kuma yana ƙara kwanciyar hankali na na'ura a babban gudun kuma a cikin sasanninta.
Siffofin ƙaramar baya
Babban aikin na baya bumper shi ne don kare na'urar gani a lokacin karo da kuma rage farashin gyare-gyare na gaba, ɗaukar mafi yawan tasiri kuma, idan ya yiwu, hana rauni ga direba da fasinjoji.
Na'urorin baya na zamani suna sanye da ramuka don na'urar firikwensin ajiye motoci, wanda ke sauƙaƙa yin fakin motar.
Shin yana yiwuwa a tuƙi mota ba tare da tuƙi ba
Dole ne direba ya san cewa tuki a cikin rashin na'urorin kariya ba shi da lafiya kuma ana azabtar da shi ta hanyar tarar har zuwa 500 rubles tare da dalili - don canje-canjen da aka yi ga ƙirar motar ba tare da izinin 'yan sanda ba.
Wani lokaci takardar shaidar haɗari na iya taimakawa a cikin irin wannan al'amari idan direba ya tuka mota zuwa wurin gyarawa, amma wannan batu gaba ɗaya yana bisa ga shawarar mai binciken 'yan sanda.
