Charron Armored Car, samfurin 1905
Abubuwa
Charron Armored Car, samfurin 1905"Amma dai laima ta bayyana a cikin kayan aikin 'yan sanda fiye da yadda sojoji za a yi jigilar su da mota!"
Mai ɓarna: Fara motsa jiki Fara aikin motsa jiki da injina na sojojin FaransaRanar 17 ga Janairu, 1898, jagorancin sabis na fasaha na manyan bindigogi ya juya zuwa ga manyan hukumomi tare da buƙatar sayen Panard-Levassor biyu, biyu Peugeot da motoci biyu na Maison Parisien ga sojojin, amma sun ki, dalilin da ya sa. ra'ayi ne cewa duk motocin da ake da su da haka za a buƙaci su idan aka yi yaki, kuma idan aka ba da saurin ci gaban masana'antar kera motoci, kayan aikin da aka siya na iya zama mara amfani da sauri. Duk da haka, bayan shekara guda sojojin sun sayi motocin farko: Panhard-Levassor daya, Maison Parisian daya da Peugeot daya. A cikin 1900, masana'antun daban-daban sun ba da motoci tara waɗanda aka yi nufin kawai don dalilai na soja. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan motocin ita ce bas ɗin Panhard-Levassor don jigilar ma'aikata. Ko da yake a lokacin ra'ayin daukar sojoji a cikin mota ya zama kamar abin ba'a ne, kuma ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun sojoji ya ce: "A maimakon haka, laima za ta bayyana a cikin kayan aikin sojojin ƙasa fiye da yadda sojoji za a yi jigilar su da mota!". Duk da haka, Ofishin Yakin ya sayi motar bas ta Panhard-Levassor, kuma a cikin 1900, tare da manyan motoci biyu da ake buƙata, an yi amfani da shi ta hanyar motsa jiki a yankin Bos, lokacin da manyan motoci takwas na nau'ikan iri daban-daban suka shiga.
Motoci Panhard Levassor, 1896 - 1902 Bayan da mota da aka sanya a cikin sabis, shi wajibi ne don tsara ta amfani, da kuma Fabrairu 18, 1902, umarnin da aka bayar da umarnin a sayan motoci:
CV (Cheval Vapeur - Dokin Faransanci): 1CV yayi daidai da ƙarfin dawakai 1,5 na Burtaniya ko 2,2 ƙarfin dawakin Biritaniya, 1 na Birtaniyya yana daidai da 745,7 watts. Ƙarfin dawakai da muka karɓa shine 736,499 watts. Mai ɓarna: Fara motsa jiki
Armored mota "Sharon" model 1905Motar mai sulke ta Sharron wata ci-gaba ce ta aikin injiniya don lokacinta. Motocin ga jami'ai na daga cikin na farko da sojojin Faransa ke amfani da su. m Charron, Girardot da kuma Voig (CGV) ya kera motocin tsere masu nasara kuma shine farkon wanda ya fara mayar da martani ga sabon yanayin ta hanyar haɓaka mota mai sulke da ke kan motar fasinja. Motar dai tana dauke da bindiga kirar Hotchkiss mai nauyin 8mm, wacce aka dora ta a bayan wata barbet mai sulke a madadin kujerun baya. Motar ta baya (4 × 2) tana da buɗaɗɗen taksi mai kujeru biyu, dama wurin aikin direba ne. Motar da aka gabatar a Paris Motor Show a 1902, ya yi kyau ra'ayi a kan soja. A shekara ta 1903, an yi nasarar gwada motar sulke, amma hakan ya kasance. Saboda tsadar da aka yi, motoci biyu ne kawai aka kera - "Sharon" model 1902 kuma ya kasance a matakin samfurin.
Amma gudanarwa na kamfanin "Charron, Girardot da Voy" sun gane cewa sojojin ba za su iya yin ba tare da motoci masu sulke ba kuma aikin inganta motar ya ci gaba. Bayan shekaru 3, an gabatar da sabon samfurin mota mai sulke, wanda aka yi la'akari da duk maganganun da kasawa. A motar sulke Sharron Model 1905 runguma da tururuwa sun kasance cikakkun sulke. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa ra'ayin samar da wannan na'ura (da farko aikin) da aka gabatar da wani jami'in Rasha, wani dan takara a cikin Russo-Japanese War, kwamandan na Siberiya Cossack Corps Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nakashidze, ɗan ƙasa. na wani tsohon gidan sarauta na Jojiya. Jim kadan kafin karshen yakin 1904-1905, Nakashidze ya gabatar da aikinsa ga sashen soja na Rasha, wanda kwamandan sojojin Manchurian, Janar Linevich ya goyi bayan. Amma sashen ya yi la'akari da masana'antun Rasha ba su da isasshen shirye don ƙirƙirar inji irin wannan, don haka kamfanin Faransa Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) ya ba da izini don aiwatar da aikin.
An zare jikin motar mai sulke na Sharron ne daga tulun ƙarfe na ƙarfe-nickel mai kauri 4,5 mm, wanda ke ba da kariya ga ma'aikatan da injiniyoyi daga harsasai na bindigu da ƙananan guntu. Direban yana kusa da kwamanda, an ba da kallon ta wata babbar taga ta gaba, wacce aka rufe a cikin yaƙi ta babban hular trapezoidal sulke tare da ramukan kallo a cikin siffar rhombus tare da rufewar sulke na waje. IN ba yaƙi ba halin da ake ciki, an shigar da hular sulke a cikin matsayi na kwance kuma an gyara shi tare da taimakon maƙallan motsi guda biyu. An kuma rufe manyan tagogi guda biyu a kowane gefen rumfar da sulke masu sulke. Don ƙofar shiga da fitowar ma'aikatan ya zama kofa a gefen hagu, ya buɗe zuwa gefen motar.
Hanyoyin tafiya na karfe U-dimbin yawa, waɗanda aka haɗe zuwa ɓangarorin biyu na rungumar, an tsara su don shawo kan cikas (ramuka, ramuka, ramuka). An shigar da babban fitillu guda ɗaya a gaban takardar da aka karkata na gaba na sashin injin, na biyu, an lulluɓe shi da murfin sulke, a cikin takardar gaban rumbun a ƙarƙashin gilashin gilashi. Bangaren fada yana bayan kujerun direba da kwamanda, an sanya wata karamar hasumiya mai juyi da'ira a kan rufin ta da rufin da yake gangarowa gaba da baya. Ƙanƙara na gaba ya isa girma kuma haƙiƙa ƙyanƙyashe ne mai madauwari, wanda za a iya ɗaga murfinsa zuwa matsayi a kwance. An saka bindigar Hotchkiss mai girman mm 8 akan wani sashi na musamman a cikin turret. An kiyaye gangarta da wani akwati mai sulke da aka bude daga sama. Wani jami'in sojan ruwa, kyaftin na uku Guillet, ya tsara turret ga Sharron. Hasumiyar ba ta da abin ɗaukar ƙwallo, amma tana kan wani ginshiƙi da aka ɗora a kasan rukunin yaƙi. Yana yiwuwa a ɗaga hasumiya kuma a jujjuya shi da hannu, ta yin amfani da ƙafar tashi da ke motsawa tare da dunƙule gubar na ginshiƙi. Sai kawai a cikin wannan matsayi yana yiwuwa a samar da wutar madauwari daga bindigar mashin.
Dakin injin yana gaban kwalin. Motar dai tana dauke ne da injin silinda guda hudu a cikin layi na CGV mai karfin awo 30. Tare da Nauyin yaƙi na motar sulke ya kai tan 2,95. Matsakaicin gudun kan hanyoyin da aka shimfida shine 45 km / h, kuma akan ƙasa mai laushi - 30 km / h. An ba da damar yin amfani da injin don gyarawa da kulawa ta ƙyanƙyashe tare da murfin cirewa a duk bangon kaho mai sulke. A cikin abin hawa na baya (4 × 2) na motar sulke, an yi amfani da ƙafafun katako na katako, an kiyaye su da iyakoki na karfe. Tayoyin sun cika da wani abu na musamman wanda ya baiwa motar sulke damar motsawa bayan harsashi ya ci karo da motar na tsawon mintuna 10. Don rage wannan yuwuwar, an lulluɓe ƙafafun na baya da sulke masu sulke mai siffar madauwari. A lokacinsa, motar sulke na Charron ƙwararriyar injiniya ce ta gaske wacce ta ƙunshi sabbin hanyoyin fasaha da dama, misali:
Gabaɗaya, an kera motocin sulke guda biyu na Sharron samfurin 1905. Ɗaya daga cikin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Faransa ta samo shi (an aika shi zuwa Maroko), na biyu kuma sashen soja na Rasha ya saya (an aika shi zuwa Rasha), inda aka yi amfani da na'ura don murkushe zanga-zangar juyin juya hali a St. Petersburg. Motar sulke gaba ɗaya ta dace da sojojin Rasha, kuma Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) ba da daɗewa ba ya karɓi odar motoci 12, waɗanda, duk da haka, Jamusawa sun tsare kuma suka kwace su yayin jigilar su ta cikin Jamus don "kima da ƙarfinsu", sannan da aka yi amfani da shi a lokacin manyan atisayen soji na sojojin Jamus. Mota guda 1902 masu sulke irin na Sharron, kamfanin Panar-Levassor ne ya kera, wasu motoci guda hudu, kwatankwacin samfurin Sharron na shekarar 1909, kamfanin Hotchkiss ne ya kera a shekarar XNUMX bisa umarnin gwamnatin kasar Turkiyya. Sources:
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1897 ita ce ranar tallafi a hukumance mota shiga aiki tare da sojojin Faransa, lokacin da, karkashin jagorancin Kanar Feldman (shugaban sabis na fasaha na bindigogi), an kirkiro hukumar motocin soja, wanda ya bayyana bayan amfani da motocin kasuwanci da yawa a cikin atisaye a kudu maso yammacin Faransa da gabashin Faransa. . Ɗaya daga cikin matakan farko na hukumar shine yanke shawara tare da Ƙungiyar Mota ta Faransa, don gwada motocin Panard Levassor, Peugeot break, Morse, Delae, Georges-Richard da Maison Parisienne motoci. Gwaje-gwajen da suka hada da gudu na tsawon kilomita 200, sun yi nasarar tsallake dukkan motocin.
