Farashin man fetur a Slovenia - Farashi mai tsada, amma ba don faranta wa 'yan kasuwa dadi ba.

A watan Satumban da ya gabata, Slovenia ta zama ta gaba a cikin wasu ƙasashe na Turai da ta bar ƙa'idar farashin mai zuwa ga shawarar shugabannin kasuwa. Wannan tsari ne na fiye da shekaru huɗu wanda gwamnati ta ɗaga ƙa'idar farashin man mai zafi na ƙarshe, RON 2016 da RON a karon farko a cikin 98. Wannan ya biyo bayan cire ƙa'idojin farashin duk mai a tashoshin mai kusa da manyan hanyoyin mota. da manyan hanyoyin mota, sannan a ranar 100 ga Satumba aka soke a duk sauran gidajen mai.

Rage farashin ya faru rmusamman ma a lokacin da mu a kasar Slovenia – da ma duniya baki daya – muka ga farashin danyen mai ya ragu tsawon watanni da dama.da farashin man fetur da aka siyar akan € 95 don RON XNUMX fetur ko dizal bayan daidai watanni da yawa na saukad da kaifi. Rage farashin, ba shakka, ana iya bayanin halin da duniya ke ciki, wanda ya haifar da raguwar buƙatun samfuran mai a duniya. Don haka, kamfanonin mai suna da yawan man fetur wanda ba su da inda za su adana. Duk da cewa abin ya zama banza, farashin danyen mai a kasuwannin duniya ya kai munanan dabi'u!

A karshen watan Satumba, gwamnati, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, ta bar iko kan farashin albarkatun man fetur gaba ɗaya zuwa ikon kasuwar, amma ta tabbatar da dawo da iko akan motsin farashin a kasuwa idan aka samu ƙaruwa. farashin a kasuwa. tashin farashin. Sannan ra'ayin gwamnati, da kallo na farko, an sami wani tallafi ba zato ba tsammani daga Sashin Sufuri na Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Slovenia, yana mai cewa suna tsammanin faduwar farashin kayayyakin mai. A gefe guda kuma, Ƙungiyar Masu Amfani da Slovenia (ZPS) ta fi shakkar shawarar gwamnati., tun da su, ba kamar kungiyar 'yan kasuwa da masana'antu ba, sun nuna fargabar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki - da farko hakan ya zama rashin gaskiya. Amma ba da daɗewa ba abubuwa suka fara ɗaukar ɗan bambanci, kuma daidai da tsoron ZPS.

Idan muka kwatanta farashin samfuran mai a Slovenia a yau, zamu sami hakan cewa farashin su ya tashi da kusan cents 20 a cikin watanni shida da suka gabata (kadan kadan ga man fetur na 95, dan kadan don dizal), da yawa sun riga sun fara neman masu laifi. A ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, duba da sauri kan farashin mai na manyan dillalan mai na Slovenia uku - Petrol, OMV da MOL - yana nuna daidaiton farashi mai mahimmanci a duk faɗin ƙasar (a wajen manyan tituna), tare da bambance-bambancen da ba su da kyau, ko kuma aƙalla kaɗan. fiye da waɗanda dillalan rahusa suka ambata a tashoshin sabis ɗin su.

Wannan da sauri yana haifar da ra'ayi cewa kawai yan kasuwa ne ke da alhakin halin. Amma idan aka yi duba da idon basira za a ga cewa hauhawar farashin ba ita ce hanyar da dan kasuwar mai ke bi don kara samun riba ba. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan soke ƙa'idojin jihar na farashi, lokacin farkar da tattalin arziƙi ya fara a cikin ƙasa da waje, wanda ya haifar da karuwar buƙatun samfuran mai ba kawai a cikin ƙasa ba, har ma a kasuwannin duniya.

Idan aka yi la’akari da yanayin farashin mai a bara, za mu iya ganin cewa farashin danyen mai ya kai ƙima da ƙima a ranar 20 ga Afrilu na bara, sannan, godiya ga raguwar famfunan, mai saurin sake tattaunawa tsakanin ƙasashen OPEC. da Rasha. Don haka, a farkon watan Yuli, ya sake kai darajar $ 40 kan gangar mai (lita 159)..

Ya zuwa Nuwamba 34, farashin mai, la'akari da faduwar lokaci -lokaci, gami da farkon guguwar annoba ta biyu, lokacin da farashin ya faɗi zuwa $ 30 a kowace ganga, ya canza a cikin kewayon daga $ 40 zuwa $ XNUMX a kowace ganga, bayan haka an bi shi ne kawai ta saurin hauhawar farashi. A farkon Maris, ya riga ya kai dala 68 a kowace ganga, kuma a ƙarshen watan ya kai dala 60 (wannan daidai yake da, a ce, a tsakiyar 20s, an daidaita shi don hauhawar farashin kaya).lokacin da rikicin man fetur na farko ya buge Amurka).

Don haka, bayanan sun nuna cewa farashin danyen mai na yanzu yana daidai da farashin a cikin sabuwar shekara ta 2019/2020, lokacin da ya rigaya ya bayyana cewa haɗarin da ke cikin sabon ƙwayar cuta yana zuwa mana daga China, kuma wannan bai ya faru duk da haka. an san irin barnar da annobar za ta yi a duniya. A lokaci guda, ba shakka, yana da ma'ana a kwatanta farashin kayayyakin mai a Slovenia a da da yau.

Man fetur, OMV da sauransu suna da kyakkyawar lamiri ...

Daga teburin kuɗaɗen farashin samfuran mai a cikin lokacin daga 2007 zuwa 2020, ana iya ganin farashin siyar da mai tare da ƙimar octane na 95 a lokacin sauyawa daga 2019 zuwa 2020 ya kasance Yuro 1,298.... Farashin man dizal ya ragu da santin 1,2, amma farashin yayi daidai da gidajen mai na gargajiya, kuma ba don masu aiki da kai da ke aiki a cikin sarƙoƙin siyarwa ba.. Muna magana, ba shakka, game da farashin a gidajen mai a wajen tasha na babbar hanya. A karshen watan Maris din bana, dai dai a ranar Lahadi, 28 ga watan Maris, farashin man fetur mai kimar octane 95 ya tashi daga Yuro 1,159 zuwa 1,189, yayin da farashin man dizal ya tashi daga Yuro 1,149 zuwa 1.219.

A lokaci guda kuma, a bayyane yake cewa ana iya samun mafi arha kuma mafi tsadar mai a tashoshin iskar gas ta atomatik (aikin kai) na sarƙoƙin dillalan - a farkon lamarin shine Hofer, kuma a cikin na biyu Mercator tare da sabis na MaxEn. . . In ba haka ba, masu ba da kayayyaki daban-daban a gidajen mai a duk faɗin ƙasar galibi suna ba da mai akan farashi iri ɗaya. yayin da a wannan ranar Man Fetur ya nemi mafi karancin kudi kan litar man fetur 95 octane, wato € 1,177. (OMV da Mol 1,179), da kuma lita guda na diesel OMV, wato Yuro 1,199 (fetur da mol 1,2 euro).

Don haka, kwatankwacin farashin mai ya nuna cewa farashin mai a yau kan farashin danyen mai guda daya a kasuwannin duniya ya kai kusan cents 10 kasa da na shekara mai kyau da kwata da ta gabata; Bambancin ya yi girma kaɗan don gas ɗin RON 95 kuma ya yi ƙasa kaɗan don man diesel, wanda kwanan nan ya ɗan yi sauri.

Yana sauri ya zama bayyananne daga bayanan da ke sama cewa dillalan mai a Slovenia ba manufa ce da ta dace don zargi ba saboda hauhawar farashin, duk da haka mun nemi dukkan manyan dillalan man uku a Slovenia su yi tsokaci kan halin da ake ciki yanzu; Petrol da OMV ne kawai suka amsa tambayoyinmu, kuma Mol ya ƙi ba da haɗin kai.

A madadin Man Fetur da OMV, kamfanonin biyu sun kirkiro wata hanya don saita farashin kayayyakin mai, wanda, duk da haka, ba za a iya bayyana su ba saboda dokokin kariya na gasa. Kamfanonin biyu kuma ba sa son yin tsokaci kan farashin makamashi, tunda abubuwa daban -daban (galibi farashin canjin dala) sun riga sun yi tasiri kan farashin danyen mai, kuma farashin siyar da kayayyakin mai a Slovenia ya ƙunshi ayyuka daban -daban da harajin fitar da kaya, wanda za su iya canza.

A lokaci guda, OMV yayi bayanin bayanin da aka ambata cewa farashin danyen mai ya kai mafi girman matakin tun farkon barkewar cutar a farkon Maris, yana yarda da ra'ayin Kungiyar Kasashe Masu Fitar da Man Fetur (OPEC), wanda ke hasashen karuwar buƙatun danyen mai a kasuwannin duniya.amma wannan bai isa ya cika gibin bara ba. OMV baya bayyana adadin Fetur ya sanar da cewa ya sayar da kusan tan miliyan uku na albarkatun man fetur a shekarar 2020, wanda ya ragu da kashi 19 cikin 2019 daga shekarar 13 kuma ya ragu da kashi XNUMX cikin ɗari.

Cikakken sassaucin farashin albarkatun man fetir duka kamfanonin biyu sun tantance su da kyau, saboda yana bin abubuwan da ke faruwa a ƙasashe maƙwabta, inda aka san wannan aikin na dogon lokaci. Fetur ya kara da cewa sun shirya sosai don wannan sauyin tunda sun kasance a kasuwanni inda tuni aka fara aiwatar da wannan aikin na dan wani lokaci (ba ma don OMV ba), kuma ya kara da cewa irin wannan maganin yana nufin shima yana amfanar da abokan ciniki. ya fi sauƙi a gare su su yanke shawarar inda za su yi mai.

OMV, a gefe guda, ya ƙara da cewa Slovenia ƙasa ce mai wucewa, wanda ke nufin tana iya dillalan man yanzu suna daidaita da sauri akan farashin kayayyakin mai a wasu ƙasashe kuma, saboda haka, (p) kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa ga direbobi ko abubuwan hawa waɗanda kawai ke ƙetare ƙasarmu kuma suna iya tsayawa kafin shiga ko barin ƙasar.

Ƙarin ci gaba an ware ko kaɗan

Boštyan Okorn, shugaban sashin gwaji na kayayyaki da aiyuka na Ƙungiyar Masu Amfani da Ƙasar Slovenia, ya kuma bayar da hujjar cewa hauhawar farashin mai na siyar da kayan masarufi ne ya haifar da tashin farashin a kasuwannin duniya. A cewar Okorn, farashin danyen mai ya tashi da kashi 2020 cikin dari daga Nuwamba 2021 zuwa karshen Maris 70, duk da raguwar da aka samu a kwanakin baya, wanda hakan ya sa ana iya fahimtar hauhawar hauhawar farashin dillali a wannan lokacin. Duk da haka, ya kara da cewa sassaucin da aka yi a kasuwar kayan mai ya sanya sauye -sauyen farashin ya yi karin haske.

A lokacin da jihar ta kayyade farashin man fetur, muna samun canje-canje ne kawai a kowane kwanaki 14, don haka masu amfani ba su fuskanci wani canji na tsaka-tsakin farashin mai ba. Har ila yau, ta hanyar daidaita matakin fitar da kayayyaki, gwamnati ta samu hanyar da za ta rage yawan sauye-sauyen farashin man fetur - a cikin farashi mai rahusa da kuma mafi girma. Tidan, alal misali, har zuwa ƙarshen 2014, lokacin da farashin gas na octane 95 ke gabatowa Yuro 1,5 a kowace lita na mai, jihar ta ɗauki Euro 0,56.; A watan Mayun bara, wannan adadin ya kasance Yuro 0,51, kuma a watan Satumba, kafin a sami sassaucin ra'ayi, Yuro 0,37 ne kawai. A sa'i daya kuma, Okorn ya kara da cewa rabon farashin man fetur tsakanin masu samar da kayayyaki na cikin gida da masu samar da kayayyaki a kasashe makwabta ya kasance ko kadan baya canzawa.

Okorn ya kuma tabo abin da za a iya tsammanin nan gaba a fannin farashin mai. Kodayake ya yarda da ra'ayin manyan 'yan kasuwar man fetur biyu na jihar game da rashin godiya na tsinkaye don tsadar farashin mai, amma ya yi imanin cewa ba a sake tsammanin hauhawar farashin kayayyakin mai a nan gaba. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, za a sauƙaƙe wannan a ƙarshen hunturu (wanda ke nufin raguwar buƙatun samfuran mai don dumama) da ƙaramin rikicin tattalin arziki, wanda a ganinsa, ba da daɗewa ba zai biyo baya.

Don haka a bana, karin farashin sama da 10 ko ma cents 15 zai zama babban abin mamaki.... A lokaci guda, ana sa ran farashin kayayyakin mai zai kasance ƙasa da Yuro 1,5 a kowace lita na mai a nan gaba, wanda za a sauƙaƙe ta hanyar haɓaka sabbin motoci (kuma, sakamakon haka, raguwar buƙatun samfuran mai). . Koyaya, gaskiya ne a matakin EU ana shirya abin da ake kira Yarjejeniyar Green Turai, wanda ya ambaci yuwuwar ƙarin haraji a kan matatun mai don hanzarta sauyawa zuwa motocin lantarki.

Duk da cewa Okorn baya nuna masu siyar da mai saboda hauhawar farashin kwanan nan, ya yi gargadin cewa, kamar ƙasashen waje, yakamata a sanya alamomi kusa da manyan tituna, wanda za a rubuta farashin mai a kan bin gidajen mai da yawa, kuma a lokaci guda, sanya totems a cikin tashoshin da za su nuna wa direbobi farashin watsawa kafin su ɗaga riƙon crane a tashar mai. A ƙarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba, hakanan zai haifar da haɗin kan farashi a tashoshin sabis na masu ba da sabis daban -daban.

Yawan man da ake tonawa yana da mahimmanci.

Tabbas, farashin danyen mai shima yana da tasiri sosai kan yawan danyen man da kamfanonin mai ke hakowa a fadin duniya. A ƙarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan saurin faɗuwar farashin cikin bazara na ƙarshe da saurin haɓaka a ƙarshen shekara. Kodayake annobar ta mamaye duniya a farkon bazara kuma tana tare da raguwar buƙatun samfuran mai, amma a cikin watan Mayu, lokacin da farashin mai ya kai sifili, ƙungiyoyin man sun yanke shawarar rage ƙimar mai da ake samarwa.

Idan a ranar 30 ga Afrilu yawan man da ake hakowa a duniya ya kai ganga miliyan 82,83, to a watan ya kasance ganga miliyan 71,45 kacal. (kasa da miliyan daya a kowane wata). A ƙarshen shekara, ƙarar ta ƙara ƙaruwa kaɗan, amma “kawai” zuwa ganga miliyan 75,94, ƙasa da yadda aka saba a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, lokacin da ƙarar ta kusan kusan ba tare da banda sama da ganga miliyan 80 a kowace rana.

Abubuwa da dama suna shafar farashin.

Farashin dillalin mai (ban da farashin siyan mai) ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa, lambar (ko rabon) wanda doka ta ƙaddara. Wadannan:

• Harajin CO2: haraji kan gurɓataccen iska ta hanyar gurɓataccen iska.
• Gudunmawar EAEU: Taimako ga Ingantaccen Makamashi (tun daga 2010).
• RES da gudummawar CHP; Taimakawa don tallafawa samar da wutar lantarki daga ingantaccen haɗin kai da kuma daga hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa (tun daga watan Yunin 2014).
• Harajin fitarwa: don makamashi.
• VAT: harajin da aka kara.
• Farashin ƙarshe: farashin dillali.

Don haka, a aikace, ana biyan lita na man RON 95 bisa ga dabara mai zuwa:

Farashin kayayyakin mai a Slovenia
	2020
	Babu wajibi	Harajin hayaki na CO2	Gudummawar EAEU	RES da CHP gudummawa	Wajibi na wajibi	NAN	Farashin ƙarshe
Yuro 95 (Yuro / lita)	0,391	0,040	0,007	0,008	0,428	0,193	1,069

Slovenia daga cikin mafi arha

Bayan faduwar farashin ƙasa da shekara guda da ta gabata, wannan Slovenia ta zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen Turai da mafi ƙarancin farashin mai kuma tana riƙe da wannan matsayin har zuwa yau. Tare da matsakaicin farashin kusan € 1,16 a kowace lita na RON 95 gas (mai aiki har zuwa tsakiyar Maris), yana matsayi na 15 daga cikin ƙasashen Turai 45 kuma shine mafi arha a yankin. A farashin € 1,18, Hungary ita ce mafi kusa tsakanin ƙasashe maƙwabta, sai Austria (€ 1,18 a kowace lita), Austria (€ 1,22), Croatia (€ 1,35) da Italiya akan € 1,62 a kowace lita. lita na man fetur na 95 yana ɗaukar wuri na 43. Don haka, irin wannan man fetur ya fi tsada a Portugal da Netherlands, inda lita 95 na octane petrol ke kashe 1,65 da Yuro 1,85, bi da bi.