Taimakon birki - menene a cikin mota kuma menene don me?

Don tabbatar da iyakar aminci ga direbobi, fasinjoji da masu tafiya a ƙasa, masana'antun mota suna shigar da tsarin taimako daban-daban akan samfuran su waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe tsarin tuki sosai.

Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan tsarin shine mataimakin birki ko Tsarin Taimakon Birki. A cikin bayanin don daidaitawa na takamaiman samfurin, ana kiran shi BAS ko BA. An fara shigar da shi tun tsakiyar shekarun 1990 akan motocin Mercedes. Daga baya wannan yunƙurin da Volvo da BMW suka ɗauko.

BAS yana samuwa akan wasu samfuran mota da yawa, a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban:

• EBA (Taimakon Birki na Gaggawa) - akan motocin Japan, musamman Toyota;
• AFU - Motocin Faransa Citroen, Peugeot, Renault;
• NVV (Mai Ƙarfafa Birki) - Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda.

Yana da kyau a ce ana shigar da irin waɗannan na'urori akan motocin da ke da tsarin hana kulle-kulle (ABS), kuma a cikin motocin Faransa, AFU yana aiki guda biyu:

• vacuum birki mai kara kuzari - analogue na BAS;
• Rarraba ƙarfin birki a kan ƙafafun shine analog na EBD.

Bari mu gano a cikin wannan labarin akan Vodi.su yadda mataimakin birki ke aiki da kuma fa'idodin da direba ke samu daga amfani da shi.

Ka'idar aiki da manufa

Taimakon Birki na Gaggawa (BAS) tsarin lantarki ne na zamani wanda ke taimaka wa direba ya tsayar da motar yayin takawar birki. Nazari da gwaje-gwaje da dama sun nuna cewa a cikin yanayi na gaggawa, direban ya danna fedar birki ba zato ba tsammani, yayin da ba ya amfani da isasshen ƙarfi don dakatar da motar da sauri. Sakamakon haka, nisan tsayawa ya yi tsayi da yawa kuma ba za a iya guje wa haɗuwa ba.

Naúrar lantarki ta taimaka wa birki, bisa bayanai daga firikwensin sandar birki da sauran na'urori masu auna firikwensin, suna gane irin waɗannan yanayi na gaggawa kuma suna "danna" feda, yana ƙara matsa lamba na ruwan birki a cikin tsarin.

Alal misali, a kan motocin Mercedes, mataimaki yana kunna kawai idan gudun motar birki ya wuce 9 cm / s, yayin da aka kunna ABS, ƙafafun da sitiyarin ba a toshe gaba ɗaya ba, don haka direban ya sami damar kaucewa. skidding, kuma nisan tsayawa ya zama ya fi guntu - mun riga mun yi magana akan Vodi.su game da tsayin nisan birki da yadda kasancewar anti-kulle ya shafa.

Wato, aikin kai tsaye na Taimakon Birki shine hulɗa tare da mai haɓaka birki da ƙara matsa lamba a cikin tsarin idan akwai gaggawa. Na'urar kunnawa na mataimakiyar birki ita ce maganadisu na lantarki don tuƙin sandar - ana amfani da kuzari akansa, sakamakon haka an danna fedal a zahiri a cikin ƙasa.

Idan muka yi magana game da takwaransa na Faransa - AFU, to ana aiwatar da wannan ka'ida a nan - ana gane yanayin gaggawa ta hanyar saurin danna birki. A lokaci guda, AFU tsarin vacuum ne kuma yana hulɗa tare da injin ƙarar birki. Bugu da kari, idan motar ta fara tsalle-tsalle, AFU na yin aikin Rarraba Brakeforce Electronic (EBD), ta hanyar kulle ko buɗe ƙafafu ɗaya.

A bayyane yake cewa kowane masana'anta yana ƙoƙarin haɓaka ƙarfin motocinsu sosai, don haka sabbin samfura da yawa suna da bambance-bambance a kan taken mataimakin birki. Misali, a kan wannan Mercedes, sun fara shigar da tsarin SBC (Sensotronic Brake Control), wanda ke aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa lokaci guda:

• rarraba sojojin birki akan kowace dabaran;
• yayi nazarin yanayin zirga-zirga;
• yana ƙididdige lokacin gaggawa, yana nazarin ba kawai saurin danna birki ba, har ma da saurin canja wurin ƙafar direba daga fedar gas zuwa birki;
• karuwar matsin lamba a tsarin birki.

Ana lodawa…