Motar kwandishan kwampreso: zane da na'urar, ka'idar aiki, bincike, malfunctions da maye, TOP-3 model

Na'urar kwampreso ta atomatik tare da kama na lantarki suna da aminci sosai. Amma jujjuyawar da ba ta katsewa tana matuƙar ɓata sassan shafa, wanda ke bambanta kayan aikin mota da na gida. Samfuran da aka sanya a cikin injina suna da damuwa da damuwa; mai ya bar tsarin tare da freon.

Ƙoƙarin kwantar da cikin motar ya fara a farkon 1903. A yau, babu motar fasinja ɗaya da ta bar layin taro ba tare da na'urorin sarrafa yanayi ba. Babban abin da ke cikin tsarin shine injin kwandishan motar. Yana da amfani ga kowane mai mota ya sami ra'ayin farko na aikin naúrar, halaye, ɓarna da hanyoyin magance matsala.

Na'urar da zane na kwampreso na kwandishan

"Zuciya" na kwandishan wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa wanda aka matsawa refrigerant (freon) kuma ya juya zuwa gas mai zafi mai zafi. Compressor yana busar da refrigerant, yana tura shi cikin da'irar mugu.

The autocompressor ya raba tsarin sanyaya zuwa da'irori biyu: babba da ƙananan matsa lamba. Na farko ya haɗa da dukkan abubuwa har zuwa evaporator, na biyu - layin da ke haɗuwa da evaporator zuwa compressor.

Na'urar damfarar kwandishan mota tayi kama da haka: naúrar ce mai famfo da kuma clutch na lantarki.

Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da kwampreshin kwandishan motar a cikin zane:

Raka'a Compressor

Yadda yake aiki

An sanye shi da maƙarƙashiyar wutar lantarki da ƙarfe. Ka'idar aiki na injin kwandishan kwandishan motar shine kamar haka. Lokacin da injin motar ke kunne, jan ƙarfe ba ya yin wani aiki: yana jujjuya rago, na'urar sanyaya ba ta shafa. Mai motar yana kunna na'urar kwandishan tare da maballin daga kayan aikin kayan aiki, kama yana yin maganadisu, yana watsa karfin wuta zuwa famfo. Wannan yana fara motsi na abu mai aiki (freon) a cikin da'irar muguwar daga da'irar babban matsin lamba zuwa ƙananan matsa lamba.

Babban halaye na kwampreso

Aiki yana da sha'awa ga direbobi lokacin da ya zama dole don canza compressor da ya gaza don sabon sashi. Yi la'akari da na'urar damfarar kwandishan mota daga motarka, zaɓi analogue bisa ga sigogin geometric na waje, ƙira, da firji da aka yi amfani da su.

Weight

Auna tsohon bangare. Kada ku amince da ra'ayi "mafi wuya mafi kyau." Kwamfutar mota don kwandishan na iya samun nauyin kilogiram 5-7 da ƙari. Mafi nauyi na naúrar, mafi sanyi na iska zai samar, amma kuma zai ɗauki ƙarfin dawakai daga injin: mai yiwuwa ba a kera motarka don wannan ba. Zaɓi wani yanki a cikin kasuwar mota ba da nauyi ba, amma ta lambar VIN ko lambar jikin motarka.

Ikon

Ba a nuna wannan alamar ta duk masana'antun ba: ƙari, bayanan na iya zama kuskure. Kada ku zaɓi ikon na'urar ba da gangan ba, tunda a masana'antar mota ana ƙididdige sigar daidai don rukunin wutar lantarki da ajin motar ku:

• Motocin aji B da C suna rasa lita 4 idan an kunna na'urar sanyaya iska. tare da., Wato, compressors suna da damar 2,9 kW;
• motocin aji D da E suna kashe lita 5-6. s., wanda yayi daidai da ƙarfin kumburi na 4-4,5 kW.

Amma akwai ra'ayi na "aikin", kula da shi sosai. A taƙaice, wannan shine adadin ruwan aiki wanda ke tafiyar da igiya a cikin juyi ɗaya.

Matsakaicin matsakaici

Naúrar wannan siga shine kg/cm². Kuna iya duba matsi na injin kwandishan motar da kanku ta amfani da ma'aunin matsi tare da masu haɗawa masu dacewa, ko (mafi daidai) tare da toshe ma'aunin ma'aunin matsa lamba na musamman.

Mai nuna alama ya dogara da lakabin na'urar firiji da yanayin zafi. Don haka, don refrigerant R134a a + 18-22 ° C a kan ma'aunin zafi da sanyio a cikin ƙananan matsa lamba zai zama 1,8-2,8 kg / cm.², babba - 9,5-11 kg / cm².

Zai fi kyau a yi duban sarrafawa na injin kwandishan motar motar don matsa lamba a cikin sabis.

Nau'in kwampreso

Kodayake na'urar na'urar kwandishan motar motar tana kama da tsarin aiki a cikin nau'i daban-daban, akwai siffofin zane. Akwai nau'ikan masu busa matsa lamba:

• Fistan Zane na iya ƙunsar guda ɗaya ko daga guda 2 zuwa 10 na pistons masu tazara daban-daban waɗanda faifan da ke karkata.
• Rotary ruwa. Wuta (2-3 guda) na rotor suna jujjuya, canza ƙarar da'irori tare da kayan aiki mai shigowa.
• Karkace A cikin injin, ana shigar da karkace guda biyu ɗaya cikin ɗayan. Ɗayan yana jujjuya cikin na biyu, mara motsi, karkace, matsawa freon. Sa'an nan kuma an saki na karshen, ya kara zuwa cikin kewaye.

Bayyanar na'urar kwandishan compressor

Shigar da Piston shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi kowa. Ana shigar da nau'ikan rotary galibi akan motocin Japan. Gungurawa compressors sun zama tartsatsi tun 2012, sun zo da lantarki drive.

Yadda ake bincika idan yana aiki

Lokacin da aka sayi mota a kasuwar sakandare, kana buƙatar duba injin kwantar da iska na motar don yin aiki.

Hanyoyi masu sauƙi:

• Gudun naúrar a yanayin al'ada: canza saitunan, duba yadda yanayin zafi a cikin gidan ke canzawa.
• Yi nazarin kullin. Zubewar mai, ana iya ganin zubewar gani.
• Saurari aikin tsarin: kada ya girgiza, kugi, haifar da amo mai ban mamaki.
• Mai zaman kansa ko a cikin sabis, auna matsa lamba a cikin tsarin.

Na'urar sanyaya iska tana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka makala mafi tsada waɗanda ake buƙatar bincika lokaci-lokaci.

Matsalolin Na'urar sanyaya iska

Kulawa na yau da kullun, mai da aka zaɓa da kyau yana hana lalacewar kayan aikin sarrafa yanayi. Duk da haka, rashin aiki na injin kwandishan kwandishan na mota har yanzu yana faruwa sau da yawa.

Alamomin faɗakarwa:

• Ana jin hayaniya akai-akai daga kullin, ko da ba a kunna na'urar sanyaya iska ba, amma injin mota ne kawai ke aiki. Duba abin wuya.
• Kama kamannin lantarki ba ya kunna. Akwai dalilai da yawa don nema.
• Naúrar baya sanyaya iskar da ke cikin ɗakin da kyau. Mai yuwuwar yatsawar freon.
• Wani abu a cikin kwampreso yana fashewa, rumbling. Duba matsa lamba a cikin yanayin zafi da sanyi na kayan aiki.

Alamu ɗaya ko fiye sun bayyana - ana buƙatar bincikar ƙwararrun injin kwandishan motar.

dalilai

Autocompressors raka'a ne masu dogara tare da tsawon rayuwar aiki. Amma gazawar ta faru, akwai dalilai da yawa:

• Bearings sun ƙare. Haɗarin shine cewa nauyin da ke kan nada yana ƙaruwa, ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, freon na iya fitowa gaba ɗaya.
• Tsarin ya yi zafi sosai, saboda abin da kama ya gaza.
• Jiki ko bututun sun lalace sakamakon wasu tasirin injina, an karye hatimin.
• Bawuloli da ke da alhakin samar da kayan aiki ba su da tsari.
• Radiator ya toshe.

Na'urar damfara don kwandishan mota

Rashi ko wuce haddi na freon shima yana da mummunan tasiri akan aikin tsarin.

Magunguna

Kayan aikin firiji wani hadadden shigarwa ne wanda ke da wahalar dawo da shi a cikin wurin gareji.

Kuna iya yin haka da hannuwanku:

• Weld fasa a jiki da nozzles na autocompressor.
• Maye gurbin hatimin bayan cire firji da wargaza naúrar.
• Canza abin da ya kasa cire kayan aikin, amma kawai bayan cire injin, kuma idan kun san yadda ake danna abubuwan.
• Gyara kullun lantarki, wanda sau da yawa yana buƙatar canza sassa: farantin karfe, coil, pulley.

Yana da haɗari don taɓa ƙungiyar piston, tun da kuna buƙatar cire gaba ɗaya taron, tarwatsa, da wanke sassan. Kafin hanya, an cire freon, an zubar da man fetur, don haka yana da kyau a ba da sabis ga masu hidima.

Yadda ake kwance kwampreso na kwandishan

Rushe kwampreso a kan nau'ikan injuna daban-daban yana faruwa a cikin tsari daban-daban. Amma lokacin da sashin ya riga ya kasance a kan benci, yi babban babban bisa ga wannan makirci:

1. Tsaftace taron datti.
2. Cire haɗin wayoyin lantarki.
3. Bayan an kwance goro na tsakiya, cire ɗigon tuƙi (kuna buƙatar madaidaicin maɓalli na musamman).
4. Cire faifan kama (amfani da jan hankali na duniya).
5. Cire da'irar da ke riƙe da juzu'i.
6. Yi amfani da juzu'i mai yatsa uku don cire ɗigon ɗigon daga na'urar kwampreso.
7. Cire zoben riƙewa wanda ke riƙe da clutch solenoid.
8. Cire electromagnet.
9. Kuna da compressor a gaban ku. Cire kusoshi na murfin gaba - zai motsa daga jiki.
10. Cire murfin tare da shaft, fitar da ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa da ƙananan tserensa.
11. Cire ƙungiyar piston, matsawa da wurin zama.
12. Cire bazara da maɓalli.
13. Juya juzu'in, cire kayan ɗaurin murfin baya na compressor.
14. Fitar da gasket ɗin da kuka samo: zai buƙaci a maye gurbinsa.
15. Cire faifan bawul ɗin kuma hatimi a ƙasa.

Yadda ake kwance kwampreso na kwandishan

Yanzu dole ne ku kwance murfin tare da shaft. Fitar da tsari: kura da zoben riƙewa, maɓalli, shaft tare da ɗamarar. Yanzu yana da mahimmanci kada a rasa cikakkun bayanai.

Yadda ake maye gurbin

Ƙaddamar da taron yana nuna adadin kayan aiki masu tsada na musamman da ake buƙatar siyan. Idan ba ƙwararren makanikin mota ba ne, to, kuyi tunanin ko yana da daraja siyan kayan aikin musamman don gyara lokaci ɗaya. A ba da amanar maye gurbin injin kwandishan motar ga kwararru.

Mai da kwampreso

Na'urar kwampreso ta atomatik tare da kama na lantarki suna da aminci sosai. Amma jujjuyawar da ba ta katsewa tana matuƙar ɓata sassan shafa, wanda ke bambanta kayan aikin mota da na gida. Samfuran da aka sanya a cikin injina suna da damuwa da damuwa; mai ya bar tsarin tare da freon.

Farfadowa ya haɗa da maye gurbin refrigerant da mai mai, watsar da tsarin da gyara ƙungiyar piston. Sau da yawa gyare-gyare masu tsada a gida ba su da amfani.

Flushing da tsaftace motar kwandishan compressor

Kura da danshi ba sa shiga cikin rufaffiyar tsarin. Amma wannan yana faruwa:

• na'urar sanyaya iska na iya rage damuwa, sannan datti ya shiga ciki;
• pistons sun ƙare, kwakwalwan kwamfuta sun fara yawo tare da kwane-kwane;
• mai shi ya cika man da ba daidai ba, ya amsa tare da ruwa mai aiki, flakes kafa.

A cikin waɗannan lokuta, wajibi ne don wankewa da tsaftace kayan aikin yanayi.

Mai sauƙin mota bai kamata ya yi haka ba saboda dalilai da yawa:

• babu kayan aikin da ake bukata;
• ba kowa ba ne ya san fasaha mafi rikitarwa don tsaftace kumburi;
• Za a iya guba ku da abubuwa masu guba na bazuwar freon.

Tantance iyawar ku, fitar da motar zuwa shagon gyaran mota.

Mafi kyawun compressors mota

Masana, bayan da suka kimanta halaye na nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan injin kwandishan mota, sun sanya mafi kyawun raka'a.

Matsayi 3 - Compressor Sanden 5H14 A2 12V

Na'urar piston biyar tana auna 7,2 kg, girma - 285x210x205 mm. Girman 138 cm³/rev. An yi zoben rukuni na Piston da ƙarfe mai inganci, wanda ke tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar kayan aiki.

Compressor Sanden 5H14 A2 12V

Kwampreso mai ƙarfi wanda aka ƙera don firiji da kwandishan, yana aiki tare da ruwa R134a, R404a, R50. Ana ba da Sanden 5H14 A2 12V tare da mai na sufuri, wanda dole ne a maye gurbinsa da PAG SP-20 ko makamancin haka kafin shigarwa. Adadin mai mai - 180 g.

Farashin Sanden 5H14 A2 12V daga 8800 rubles.

Matsayi 2 - SAILING Air Conditioning Compressor 2.5 Altima 07

Manufar compressor shine na'urorin sanyaya iska don motocin fasinja na masana'antun gida da na waje. Ƙungiyar fistan 2 kW tana aiki tare da HFC-134a refrigerant, nau'in mai da ake amfani dashi shine PAG46. Cika ɗaya yana buƙatar 135 g na mai mai.

SAILING Air Conditioning Compressor 2.5 Altima 07

Nau'in tuƙi - 6PK, diamita - 125 mm.

Farashin samfurin daga 12800 rubles.

Matsayi 1 - Luzar LCAC kwandishan kwandishan

Wannan mashahurin kayan aiki da ake nema ba shi da sauƙin samun kasuwanci. Ƙwararren naúrar a cikin akwati mai ƙarfi yana auna 5,365 g, girma - 205x190x280 mm, wanda ke ba ku damar shigar da autocompressor a ƙarƙashin murfin kowane motar fasinja. Aiwatar da firiji - R134a, R404a, man mota - PAG46 da analogues. Ƙarar man shafawa - 150 ± 10 ml.

Karanta kuma: Car ciki hita "Webasto": ka'idar aiki da abokin ciniki reviews

Luzar LCAC mai sanyaya kwandishan

Ikon na'urar shine 2 kW, diamita na nau'in jan karfe 6PK shine 113 mm.

Farashin yana farawa daga 16600 rubles.

Tsarin ciki na motar kwandishan compressor