Fasahar Jirgin Sama a Zauren Nunin Zhuhai 2021
CH-4 drone a zauren nunin Zhuhai 2021.
An yi la'akari da masana'antar sararin samaniya da makaman roka na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin a matsayin mai aminci da ci gaba da ci gaba da bin hanyoyin duniya. Da farko, tun daga 60s, ya kasance kwaikwayo ne, amma iyakance ga wasu ƙananan ƙirar ƙira - galibi kayan aikin da aka kawo daga Tarayyar Soviet. Sannu a hankali, an yi gyare-gyaren kwafin jiragen sama da jirage masu saukar ungulu na kasashen waje, watakila farkon abin lura da irin wannan manufar shi ne Q-5, wani jirgin sama mai kai hari kan MiG-19. Sakamakon duk waɗannan ayyukan shi ne ƙirƙirar ƙirar Sinawa tare da jinkiri mai yawa, yawanci shekaru da yawa, idan aka kwatanta da na kasashen waje.
Wannan al'ada, wadda ta dau shekaru da dama, ta koya wa masu sa ido na kasashen waje da manazarta neman "tushen" kasashen waje a cikin dukkan sabbin gine-gine a kasar Sin. Duk da haka, shekaru goma da suka wuce akwai jiragen sama ba tare da bayyanannun samfurin kasashen waje: J-20 da J-31 mayakan, AG-600 seaplane, Z-10 da Z-19 yaki helikofta, Y-20 sufuri jirgin. Baje kolin jiragen sama na kasar Sin na shekarar 2021 na shekarar 28 a birnin Zhuhai, wanda aka gudanar daga ranar 3 ga watan Satumba zuwa Oktoban shekarar 2020 (wanda aka tsara a hukumance daga watan Nuwamba na shekarar XNUMX), wata shaida ce ta ci gaba da ci gaban masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta kasar Sin. Bidi'o'in da ya fi daukar hankali shi ne shigar da manyan jiragen yaki marasa matuka a cikin zanga-zangar jirgin, wanda masu shirya irin wannan taron a duniya ba su kuskura su yi ba. Ko shakka babu a wannan karon duniya za ta riski Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin game da wannan batu, kuma nan ba da dadewa ba, wata kila nan da shekara guda, za a kaddamar da irin wannan nune-nunen a Rasha, Faransa ... wani babban bangare na baje kolin baje kolin. . Don wannan ya kamata a ƙara yawan ƙarami da ƙananan jiragen sama marasa matuƙa da rikodi na makamai don injuna a cikin wannan rukunin. Ya zuwa yanzu, babu wata kasa da ta gabatar da irin wadannan makamai masu dimbin yawa da iri-iri na jiragen sama marasa matuka, misali a kasar Rasha ba a baje kolinsu ba a shekarun baya.
Jirgin yaki J-16D.
Jirgin jiragen sama
Baya ga motocin ƙungiyoyin jiragen sama guda biyu (mayaƙan J-10 da masu horar da JL-8), nunin aerostatic ya kasance ƙanƙanta, ƙarami kuma ba ta da ban sha'awa fiye da shekaru uku da suka gabata. Haka kuma an sami sabbin fitowar kaɗan kuma babu wani muhimmin abin mamaki.
J-16
Wataƙila sabon wanda ya fi ba zato ba tsammani shi ne jirgin J-16 mai amfani da tagwayen injuna. Tarihin wannan gini, kamar yadda ya saba faruwa a kasar Sin, yana da sarkakiya kuma bai fito fili ba. A cikin 1992, an sayo Su-27 na farko a cikin nau'in fitarwa na SK, wanda aka kera a masana'antar KnAAPO mai nisa ta Gabas a Komsomolsk-on-Amur, daga Rasha. An ci gaba da saye da sayar da kayayyaki, kuma a lokaci guda, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar lasisi a shekarar 1995, wadda a karkashinta Sin za ta iya kera jiragen Su-200 masu kujeru guda 27. Duk da haka, ba a yi niyya ba a matsayin samarwa mai zaman kanta, tun da injunan, tashoshin radar, wani muhimmin ɓangare na kayan aikin jiragen sama da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa za a kawo su daga Rasha. Sakamakon haka, a shekarar 2006, an gina motoci 105, daga cikinsu an kai 95 cikin matakan datsa.
daga KnAAPO. Nan da nan kasar Sin ta yi watsi da aikin wani Su-27SK, wanda aka sani da babbar katangar J-11. Madadin haka, an ba da umarni da yawa na Su-30Ms masu aiki da yawa - jimlar motoci 100 an kawo su tun 2001. Duk da haka, bayan lokaci, ya zama cewa ba a watsar da samar da motoci guda ɗaya ba - a cikin 2004, J-11B ya bayyana, wanda aka yi tare da babban rabo na majalisa na gida (injuna da radar har yanzu sun fito daga Rasha.) Daga baya, sau biyu. J-11BS ya bayyana, analogs na Su-27UB. A hukumance, kasar Sin ba ta sami takardun wannan sigar daga Rasha ba. Wani matakin da ba a zata ba shi ne kwafin jirgin Su-33 da aka yi a sararin sama, bisa hukuma bisa wasu jiragen sama guda biyu da ba a kammala ba da aka saya a Ukraine. A gaskiya ma, ya kasance "allon hayaki" don canja wurin takardun shaida a kan Su-33 daga Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Ba wai kawai ba - kusan mahimman abubuwan farko na J-15 sun fito ne daga Rasha (an samar da su don rukuni na gaba na Su-33, wanda Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Rasha ba ta taɓa samu a ƙarshe ba). Wata na'ura daga wannan iyali ita ce J-15S, "giciye" na layin gaba na Su-27UB tare da Su-33 glider. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa jirgin sama a cikin wannan tsari ba a taɓa gina shi a cikin USSR / Rasha ba, kodayake an ƙirƙiri ƙirarsa, wanda, tabbas, an tura shi zuwa China "ba komai ba". Watakila irin wannan inji guda daya ne aka gina ya zuwa yanzu. J-16 ya kasance na gaba, watau. J-11BS ya inganta zuwa matsayin Su-30MKK. Motar ya kamata ta bambanta da Iskra tare da sabbin na'urorin avionics gaba daya, tashar radar, ingantacciyar keɓaɓɓiyar motar gaba tare da tagwayen gaba da ƙirar jirgin sama wanda ya ba da damar ƙara matsakaicin nauyin ɗaukar nauyi. An kuma shigar da wani tsarin mai na iska zuwa iska, wanda a baya kawai aka saka shi da J-15. Da ma an bambanta jirgin ta hanyar amfani da injunan WS-10 na kasar Sin, amma wasu 'yan jiragen sama ne kawai daga jerin "bayani" suka karbe su. Labarin farko game da aikin J-16 ya bayyana a shekara ta 2010, bayan shekaru uku an gina nau'ikan samfura biyu, wanda gwajin ya yi nasara a cikin 2015.
A nan ya dace a yi la'akari da tambaya game da halin Rasha ga wannan bisa doka ba bisa ka'ida ba, saboda ba a ba da izini ta hanyar lasisi ba, gina gyare-gyare daban-daban na Su-27/30/33 a cikin PRC. Idan waɗannan “kwafin da aka sace” ne, Rasha za ta iya mayar da martani cikin sauƙi, alal misali, ta dakatar da samar da injunan da suka dace don kera su. Duk da haka, hakan bai faru ba, kuma babu wata zanga-zanga a hukumance, wanda a fili ya tabbatar da cewa an ba wa kasar Sin damar yin aiki, wanda kusan ya kasance saboda kudaden da suka dace. Duk da haka, Sinawa har yanzu suna bin ka'idar "ba nunawa" tare da jirgin sama daga dangin J-11÷J-16. Don haka, gabatar da daya daga cikin injina a Zhuhai ya ba da mamaki matuka. An nuna nau'in D na jirgin, watau. analog na EA-18G Growler na Amurka - jirgin sama na musamman na leken asiri da yakin lantarki. A bayyane yake, samfurin J-16D ya tashi a cikin Disamba 2015. An gyaggyara tsarin jirgin, gami da cire shugaban na'urar ganowa ta OLS optoelectronic manufa a gaban kokfit da bindiga. Karkashin dielectric hanci na fuselage, kamar yadda suke faɗa, ba eriyar radar ba ce ta al'ada, amma tsarin eriya mai aiki don bayanan lantarki da cunkoso tare da ƙarin aikin gano radar da bin diddigin manufa. Allon dielectric ya fi guntu yayin kiyaye girman jirgin bai canza ba, wanda ke nufin eriyar da ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashinsa tana da ƙaramin diamita. An gyaggyara ginshiƙan ƙasƙanci kuma an daidaita su don jigilar kwantena tare da na'urorin lantarki, gami da. Buga RKZ-930, wanda da an ƙirƙira shi bayan AN / ALQ-99 na Amurka. Ba a bayyana ko har yanzu ana iya mika makaman daga gare su ba. Aiki na farko ana yin ta ne kawai ta hanyar katako na huhu guda biyu - a lokacin gidan, an dakatar da makamai masu linzami na iska zuwa iska PL-15 a ƙarƙashin su, amma kuma suna iya zama anti-radar. Maimakon katako a ƙarshen fuka-fuki, kwantena masu siliki tare da kayan aiki na musamman waɗanda ke hulɗa da eriyar wuƙa da yawa an shigar da su dindindin. Tabbas, jirgin an sanye shi da injunan WS-10 na kasar Sin a cikin sabuwar sigar D. Jirgin yana da lamba 0109 (jirgin sama na tara na jerin farko), amma a karshen akwai lamba 102, jirgin na biyu na jirgin sama. jerin farko.
