Alfa Romeo Spider. Nunin alama
Lokacin da ya kasance sabo, ya kasance m shawara ga mota mai nishadi. Yayi karfin hali ga wasu. Matsayin fim da wucewar lokaci sun canza komai. Alfa Spider ya tabbatar da ya kasance mai tsayi sosai. Yawancin abokan hamayyar da yawancin 'yan jaridar da suka rataya mata karnuka sun tsira.
Italiyawa sun kwatanta shi da kashin kashin kifi (Italiya: osso di seppia), membrane na dorsal mai tsayi a cikin jikin cephalopod. Masu shayarwa Canary sun san abin da yake. Ana sanya kashi Cuttlefish a cikin kejin tsuntsaye a matsayin tushen calcium, musamman a lokacin kiwo, molting da girma. Bayan lokaci, wannan laƙabin ya makale tare da ƙarni na Spiders na farko kuma ya rasa mummunan furci.
Rabin karni da suka wuce, siffar Alfa Romeo Spider na iya zama mai ban mamaki, musamman idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya na Birtaniya na zamani. An daidaita shi, tare da fitilolin mota masu kamanni, kuma dogon baya da gajere na ciki ya ba shi rabon jirgin ruwa.
Pininfarina Studio ne ya tsara silhouette, wanda da ƙarfin hali ya zana sifofin motocin, yana dogara da ƙaya na "shekarin zarra". Ana iya samun alamun gizo-gizo daga baya a cikin jerin samfura na Super Flow daga rabin na biyu na 50s, wanda keɓaɓɓen jikinsu tare da ɗimbin kuɗaɗen da ke rufe kogin (da ƙari) ya sa ya zama kamar ƙafafun da ke ɗaure su a ƙasa na ɗan lokaci ne kawai. kari.
The halarta a karon na Alfa Spider ya faru a Geneva Motor Show a cikin bazara na 1966. An karbe shi tare da kamun kai, ko da yake yana da alama cewa yawancin motocin tsere da kuma gabatar da Jaguar E a 1961 sun saba wa jama'a ga nau'ikan "pancake" na motar. jiki. Abin farin ciki, taimako ya fito daga babbar kasuwa don "matasa tare da kasafin kudin 1967": Amurka. A cikin XNUMX, jim kaɗan kafin Kirsimeti, wasan kwaikwayon "The Graduate" ya fito akan fuska tare da Dustin Hoffman mai ban sha'awa da kyakkyawar motarsa a cikin jagorancin jagoranci. Ja Alfa Romeo yayi kyau kamar Anne Bancroft kamar Mrs. Bancroft. Robinson, kuma ta yi motsi kamar lalata. Motar ta ja hankalin jama'a, duk da cewa samar da ita a duk shekara bai wuce adadi hudu ba.
A cikin mafi kyawun yanayin, a cikin 1991 akwai 907 3 daga cikinsu. Bukatu ya dogara sosai kan yanayin tattalin arziki a kasuwar Amurka kuma yana canzawa tare da shi. A lokacin rikicin na 1981, 165 sau uku kawai aka gina.
Spider ya tsaya a ruwa domin yana da kyakkyawan tushen samun kudin shiga kuma babban "kayan kasuwa". An gina ta ta amfani da abubuwa daga mashahurin Giulia, gami da gajeriyar chassis, don haka ba shi da tsada don samarwa. Yana da dakatarwar gaba mai zaman kanta. A bayansa akwai katafaren gatari mai kashin fata da haɗin kai. Bugu da kari, duka axles suna da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da na'urar daukar hoto ta telescopic shock. Birki na diski ya kasance akan dukkan ƙafafun. An haɗa injin silinda huɗu tare da akwatin gear mai sauri biyar daga farkon. A cikin tsakiyar 60s, waɗannan su ne mafita na zamani waɗanda ba a taɓa ganin su ba, musamman a cikin cikakkiyar tsari. Babban abin da ya yi magana da direbobi shi ne auran motar. Kyakkyawar sa, ƙaruwar bututun wutsiya na wasanni da duk mafi kyawun abin da motar da ba ta da rufin asiri.
gizo-gizo shi ne nunin alamar. Ta so ta kera motoci masu jin daɗi don tuƙi, kuma wannan shine samfurin wanda ya ba da jin daɗi da yawa. Ya yi sauri, amma ba da sauri ba. Ba kamar sauran Alf Romeos ba, mafi yawan lokutan ba su yi gasa tare da sha'awar babban sakamako a cikin motsa jiki ba. Wani abu da ya sa direbobi sun gwammace su yi amfani da shi don tafiye-tafiye na rashin kulawa, maimakon fadace-fadace na daruruwan dakika.
Da farko an ba da 1600 Duetto tare da 109 hp. An maye gurbinsa a cikin 1967 ta 1750 Veloce tare da 118 hp. (a cikin Amurka har ma da 1 hp) da 32 Junior tare da 1 hp. a cikin 300. Daga nan har zuwa ƙarshe, kewayon Spider ya ƙunshi zaɓuɓɓuka biyu. : mai rauni da karfi. An daidaita bayyanar lokaci-lokaci don dacewa da yanayin halin yanzu. Canjin bayyananne shine lebur baya, wanda masu zanen kaya suka yanke a cikin '89. Italiyanci suna kiran wannan sigar "coda tronca" - ɗan gajeren wutsiya. A cikin 1968, jerin 1969a sun watsar da ingantattun lullubin fitilun fitilun tare da suturar jikin filastik. Duk da haka, a Turai kawai ake amfani da su, motocin da aka aika zuwa Amurka ba su da su. Jamusawa suna magana game da ƙarni na uku na Spider "Gummilippe", wanda ke nufin "lebe na roba".
Canje-canjen da aka yi a ƙarƙashin matsin salon salon wucin gadi da ka'idodin amincin Amurka ba koyaushe suna ƙara kyau ga motar ba. Shi ya sa samfurin kafin 1969 mai zagaye da baya ya fi kima. Italiyawa sun yi nuni da shi a cikin sabon ƙarni na Spider 1990 na 9-3, wanda ke ajiyewa a cikin nau'in motar "nostalgic". Suna da kyau sosai fiye da Volkswagen New Beetle, alal misali, cewa sun samo asali ne kai tsaye na asali. A matsayin wani ɓangare na sabon jerin, Alfa ya bai wa Amirkawa kyauta a cikin nau'i na 190 na tunawa Spider Veloce CE (Tsarin Tunawa). Kowannen su yana da lamba mai lamba a kan dashboard. An ba da su azaman "samfurin 1994". Akwai kuma jerin na musamman, ciki har da. "Niki Lauda" a cikin 1978 da "Bote" a 1991, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa ga mai zanen Faransa Jean-Louis Scherrer.
A cikin silsilar ta huɗu, a karon farko, an ba da “atomatik” mai sauri 3 a matsayin zaɓi. Da yawa a baya, masana'anta sun fara ba da saman wuyar cirewa. Akwai kuma sigar Targa, tare da guntun rufin da ake cirewa akan kujerun. Zaɓin 2 + 2 kuma ya haskaka a cikin tayin, wanda bai kasance mai dumi ba na dogon lokaci, tun da wurin zama na baya bai yarda da shigar da bel ɗin kujera ba.
A cikin kusan shekaru 30, an gina gizo-gizo 124. Amfanin Alpha baya cikin "yawanci", amma a cikin "ingancin". Mutane suna tunawa da shi, kamar yadda adadin laƙabin da aka yi wa wasu tsararrakinsa na musamman ya nuna. Kusan kowane Alpha yana jan hankali, amma gizo-gizo kawai yana da Italiyanci da yawa, mara kyau, ƙayatarwa.
Sau hudu
An samar da gizo-gizo tsawon shekaru 27. An halicci tsararraki huɗu. Na farko 1a "osso di seppia" daga 1966-69 ya nuna wani zagaye lebur baya. 2a na 1969-81 an rage shi, kai tsaye yanke "Kamma baya". 3-1982 "Aerodinamica" 89a, wanda kuma aka sani da "duck duck", an lullube shi da filastik baƙar fata kuma babban mai lalata baya ya kewaye shi.
Na hudu 4a "Ultima" na 1990-93 ya koma tsarki na asali. Ko da yake ya sami manyan tukwane, an zana su da launin jiki. Ganga mai ɗimbin ƴan fitilun fitilun da ke gudana a faɗin faɗin ta gabaɗaya, ta karkatar da ita kuma ta lanƙwasa zuwa gefe.
Spider an sanye shi da injunan 4-Silinda tare da ƙaura (zagaye) na 1300, 1600, 1750 da 2000 cm3 a cikin nau'ikan da yawa. Mafi rauni ya kai 89, mafi ƙarfi 132 hp.
Duet na biyu
Wannan sunan barkwanci mara izini shine ya zama sunan samfurin. An zaɓi shi a cikin gasa, amma, rashin alheri, ya zama cewa wani kamfani ya ajiye shi. Ana amfani da shi don kwatanta sigar asali tare da injin 1600. An yi amfani da sunan Junior don komawa zuwa juzu'in da ke da rauni na injuna, Veloce mai ƙarfi. A cikin 1986, Quadrifoglio Verde (Clover na Italiyanci huɗu) ya bayyana, yana nufin motocin tsere. A {asar Amirka, daga 1985 zuwa 1990, an kuma sayar da "Graduate" mai ladabi.
Julia, Juliet...
Injin gizo-gizo sun kasance masu hassada. Suna da toshe mai haske da kai, da camshafts na sama biyu (DOHC), amma bawuloli biyu kawai a kowace silinda. Kamfanin ya yi amfani da su a yawancin gyare-gyare a cikin nau'i daban-daban. Sun samo asali ne daga injin tagwayen shaft 1290 cc. cm, wanda aka gabatar a cikin shekara ta 3 akan Alfa Romeo Giulietta. An dakatar da su ne kawai a cikin 1954, kuma nau'ikan na ƙarshe, waɗanda aka girka akan samfuran 1994, 75 da 155 Alfa, suna da lokacin bawul mai canzawa, allurar lantarki da filogi biyu a kowane silinda (Twin Spark).
Bayanan fasaha da aka zaɓa na Alfa Romeo Spider
| Samfurin | Spider 1600 Duet jerin 1 a | Mai sauri Spider 2000 jerin 2 a | Spider 2.0 jerin 4 a |
| Littafin shekara | 1966 | 1975 | 1994 |
| Nau'in jiki / Yawan kofofin | gizogizo/2 | gizogizo/2 | gizogizo/2 |
| yawan kujeru | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Dimensions da nauyi | |||
| Nisa/ tsawo (mm) | 4250/1630/1290 | 4120/1630/1290 | 4258/1630/1290 |
| Waƙar dabara gaba / baya (mm) | 1310/1270 | 1324/1274 | 1324/1274 |
| Dabaran kafa (mm) | 2250 | 2250 | 2250 |
| Nauyin kansa (kg) | 990 | 1040 | 1110 |
| емкость akwati (l) | 230 | 300 | 300 |
| емкость tankin mai (l) | 46 | 51 | 46 |
| Tsarin tuƙi | |||
| Nau'in mai | fetur | fetur | fetur |
| Yawan silinda | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| емкость injin (cm3) | 1570 | 1962 | 1962 |
| tuki axle | raya | raya | raya |
| Nau'in watsawa / adadin gears | manual / 5 | manual / 5 | manual / 5 |
| Yawan aiki | |||
| Arfi (hp) a rpm | 109 akan 6000 | 128 akan 5300 | 126 akan 5800 |
| Torque (Nm) a rpm | 139 akan 2800 | 186 akan 3500 | 167 akan 4200 |
| hanzari 0-100 km/h(s) | 10,3 | 9 | 9 |
| Gudu iyakar (km/h) | 185 | 192 | 192 |
| Matsakaicin amfani da mai (l / 100 km) | 9 | 10,4 | 8,7 |
